The analysis of facial soft tissue from the photographic records gives information about the standard normative values of different facial parameters of a specific population group, helps in the diagnosis of any abnormalities of face and also helps for the treatment plan of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment or facial plastic surgery. The aim of the present study was to measure some craniofacial angles of the Bangladeshi Garo males and females on standardized facial profile photographs and compare them with each other and with norms of different ethnic group proposed by the other investigators. The study was carried out with a total number of 100 Christian Garo adult male and female subjects. Statistical analysis showed that the females had significantly higher values than the males in three facial angles (p < 0.05): the nasofrontal angle (G-N-Pro, females = 137.97˚ ± 4.80˚; males = 129.57˚ ± 7.96˚), the nasomental angle (N-Prn-Pg, females = 132.79˚ ± 5.10˚; males = 129.75˚ ± 7.32˚) and the angle of facial convexity (G-Sn-Pg, females = 169.26˚ ± 4.43˚; males = 158.65˚ ± 12.17˚) but no differences between the nasofacial (G-Pg/ N-Prn) and nasolabial angle (Cm-Sn-Ls). Findings from the present study might help to establish a distinct facial profile trait for the Garo population.

Background and objectiveIntegrating data from multiple sources is a crucial and challenging problem. Even though there exist numerous algorithms for record linkage or deduplication, they suffer from either large time needs or restrictions on the number of datasets that they can integrate. In this paper we report efficient sequential and parallel algorithms for record linkage which handle any number of datasets and outperform previous algorithms.MethodsOur algorithms employ hierarchical clustering algorithms as the basis. A key idea that we use is radix sorting on certain attributes to eliminate identical records before any further processing. Another novel idea is to form a graph that links similar records and find the connected components.ResultsOur sequential and parallel algorithms have been tested on a real dataset of 1 083 878 records and synthetic datasets ranging in size from 50 000 to 9 000 000 records. Our sequential algorithm runs at least two times faster, for any dataset, than the previous best-known algorithm, the two-phase algorithm using faster computation of the edit distance (TPA (FCED)). The speedups obtained by our parallel algorithm are almost linear. For example, we get a speedup of 7.5 with 8 cores (residing in a single node), 14.1 with 16 cores (residing in two nodes), and 26.4 with 32 cores (residing in four nodes).ConclusionsWe have compared the performance of our sequential algorithm with TPA (FCED) and found that our algorithm outperforms the previous one. The accuracy is the same as that of this previous best-known algorithm.

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Wireless capsule endoscopy is the most innovative technology to perceive the entire gastrointestinal (GI) tract in recent times. It can diagnose inner diseases like bleeding, ulcer, tumor, Crohn's disease, and polyps. in a discretion way. It creates immense pressure and onus for clinicians to perceive a huge number of image frames, which is time-consuming and makes human oversight errors. Therefore a computer-automated system has been introduced for bleeding detection. A unique fuzzy logic technique is proposed to extract the specified bleeding and non-bleeding information from the image data. A particular quadratic support vector machine (QSVM) classifier is employed to classify the obtained statistical features from the bleeding and non-bleeding images incorporating principal component analysis (PCA). After extensive experiments on clinical data, 98% sensitivity, 98.4% accuracy, 98% specificity, 93% precision, 95.4% F1-score, and 99% negative predicted value have been achieved, which outperforms some of the states of art methods in this regard. It is optimistic that the proposed methodology would significantly contribute to bleeding detection techniques and diminish the additional onus of the physicians.

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