Background and objective: Anemia is still one of the most common problems in the world even in developed countries, but its evaluation is still underestimated especially in developing countries like our, so it needs further planning, screening and management. This study was done in 12 primary health care centers PHCC in Erbil city – Kurdistan re-gion/Iraq during period fro 1st Feb - 31st Jul 2008. The main objectives were to determine the hemoglobin value in our children , to estimate the prevalence of anemia and correlating it with feeding pattern . Methods: This prospective study was conducted in 500 apparently healthy children col-lected randomly, visiting the vaccination centers routinely during 5 months period. Feeding. pattern were studied in relation to hemoglobin (Hb) level only. Results: From total 500 children conducted in this study, the mean Hb. of them was 10.4 g/dl. Those with normal Hb were 196 (39.2%), while 304 (60.4%) of them were anemic. Those with mild anemia were 145 (29.0%) and 159 (31.8%) of them had moderate anemia. The sex had no effect on Hb level. The anemia was lesser in children below one year Children on breast feeding had lower percent of anemia (51.9%),those on exclusive breast feeding only 6 (33.4%) while those on adult milk (74.9%) of them were anemic. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of anemia among the investigated children and less common in children with breast feedin.
Background Kurdistan is an extensive area in the Middle East covering areas in Turkey, northern Iraq, northwestern Iran and parts of southern Syria. Small areas of Azerbaijan and Armenia are also considered to be a part of Kurdistan. The Iraqi government subjected ethnic Kurds to forced displacement and assimilation for decades, and from 1986 to 1989, genocide under the Baathist regime. Iraqi Kurdistan has gained official recognition as an autonomous federal entity established by Article 113 of the Iraqi constitution. The Kurdish Regional Government (KRG) includes three provinces, Duhok, Erbil and Sulimani has been under self-rule since 1992. Kurdistan Healthcare System Within Iraq there are two ministries of health (MoH), the Federal Ministry of Health in Baghdad and the Regional Ministry of Health in Erbil, Kurdistan (Kurdish MoH). The Kurdish MoH is further divided into 19 provincial departments of health and is accountable to Kurdistan's parliament, the National Assembly. Despite responsibility to the KRG, the Kurdistan treasury is funded from the Iraqi treasury, and transfer of funds from Iraq to Kurdistan is not reliable and has been insufficient for the region's needs [1]. Concern has been expressed that no "system" is in place and that physician services are offered by many practitioners, some of who are unqualified, unlicensed, or both. Public hospitals and public primary care centers are available but often overused for minor illnesses and return visits due to lack of trust of healthcare professionals. The public primary care centers are often viewed as referral stops; patients present to the clinic only desiring referral to the hospital or a specialist. In some cases, the clinic physician may refer the patient to his private clinic. In addition to an unenforced referral system, prescribing often complies with a patient request. Brand-name products are widely prescribed over generic products since Western brand-name products are perceived as more effective than generics. Further complicating prescribing and medication use, prescription medications can easily be obtained from private pharmacies or street vendors selling improperly stored or expired drugs. Due to overcrowded clinics, physicians are seeing patients at a rapid rate and addressing only the most immediate concerns. Additionally, lack of access to medications limits their ability to treat chronic health issues causing public health initiatives to suffer. Within the clinic, the roles, responsibilities, and functions of staff are unclear and may lead to internal power struggles [1] In general, inter-professional working conditions may be poor, and lack of regard or respect for the role of nurses has been reported [1-3]. Hospital record-keeping is minimal and thought to be nearly non-existent in outpatient clinics [2]. In addition, records of adverse events or complaints about medications are not maintained [1]. According
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