Anti-lock braking systems are widely used in modern vehicles and provide safe driving for many different road conditions. Tire skidding occurs unexpectedly as a result of non-linearity in the system. The system behavior can be modelled and simulated using simulation software, which would help to visualize the system behavior. It would lead to obtaining optimum brake performance as well as safe driving. Modelling and simulation methods that can be used with every component of the system are presented. A variety of simulation software has been discussed.
The global increasing alertness of the environmental and health problems linked to the use of mineral based metal cutting fluids in machining is lead industry to develop alternative fluid. The fluid should be environmentally friendly and sustainable like vegetable oil with suspended nanoparticle. The low thermal conductivity of cutting fluids of natural based oil requires the addition of nanoparticles. The most common nanoparticle that suitable to be added to cutting fluid are non-metals, carbide, oxide, Carbon Nano Tubes (CNTs) and metal nitrides. In this paper, a comparison had made of dry machining and machining with cutting coolant oil, sunflower oil+MoS2, Sunflower, oil Graphene. The study concludes that, the addition of such minerals to the cutting fluids increased the thermal conductivity of cutting fluids.
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