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Background: Ethiopia has a variety of wetlands which provide enormous socioeconomic and environmental values. Most of these wetlands are under severe pressure and degradation. Maintaining the health of wetlands is recognized as crucial for protecting biodiversity, ecosystem function, and human health. In order to properly protect and conserve wetlands, it is essential to collect baseline data and establish monitoring programs which can detect change in the health of the wetland over time. One common method for monitoring includes using bioindicators as amphibians. Materials and Methods: the current study was conducted to assess the health in two areas in Ethiopia, Abijata-Shalla Lakes and Awash National Parks using amphibians as bio-indicators and to predict any changes on the natural environments and resources in the study area. Results: in Abijata area, less species richness, lower total population index and higher fluctuating asymmetry were observed compared to the second area (Hot spring area) which means that it is more threatened.

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The molecular phylogenetic relationship among two species of genus Leiurus , from Saudi Arabia with additional comparative sequence data available from Egypt, Oman and Turkey is presented. The molecular phylogeny was performed using maximum parsimony, neighbor joining and bayesian inference. Our results indicate a clear deep splitting between the Western clade, which represented by L. quinuestriatus sequences from Egypt and those from the Eastern clade which encompassing different Leiurus species from Saudi Arabia, Oman and Turkey was shown. Also, the phylogenetic relationship represents additional support for the taxonomic status of Arabian Leiurus species.

the specimens from Saudi Arabia he studied (a very limited sample), noted that some of their diagnostic characters were closer to N. hierichonticus while others were closer to N. yemenensis Francke, 1980. Thus, the presence of N. yemenensis in Saudi Arabia was controversial [Hendrixson, 2006;Alqahtani, Badry, 2021]. Our survey is the first confirmation of N. yemenensis occurrence in Saudi Arabia; we also give some ecological considerations. Materials and MethodsOur study was carried out from August 2018 to January 2021 in southwestern Saudi Arabia. Scorpion specimens were collected from Asir and Jizan Provinces at altitudes from 1500 to 3600 m a.s.l. using ultraviolet light at night. During daytime, scorpions were captured by searching under rocks, stones and by digging burrows. All collected material was kept in 95% alcohol for morphological identification. Specimens were examined using a stereomicroscope (Leica MZ16). The identification was based on morphological criteria as described by Francke [1980].

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