This study demonstrated a high incidence of dorsal and intra-articular screw penetration detected by CT scan which was not apparent in plain radiograph. We recommend that surgeons adhere to the principle of only near cortex fixation and downsizing the locking screw length by 2 mm.

ABSTRACTpurpose. To propose a novel method to measure the neck shaft angle and anteversion of the femur using anteroposterior and 45º oblique radiographs. Methods. Three human subjects were used to verify the 45º oblique method. The true neck shaft angle and anteversion of the femur were determined using computed tomography. The true values were compared with the values derived by the 45º oblique method after correcting the distortion using a formula. results. With the true values based on computed tomography as references, the neck shaft angle and anteversion of the 3 subjects deviated +0.82º to +4.66º and -2.14º to +2.55º in lateral 45º oblique radiographs, respectively, whereas the corresponding values in medial 45º oblique radiographs were +0.98º to +5.93º and -10.09º to +1.58º. The lateral 45º oblique method resulted in smaller range of deviation and were more accurate. conclusion. This 45º oblique method is useful in surgical planning, especially for femoral derotational A 45-degree radiographic method for measuring the neck shaft angle and anteversion of the femur: a pilot study

BACKGROUND: Centella asiatica (L.) is a plant with neuroprotective and neuroregenerative properties; however, its effects on the neurodifferentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and on peripheral nerve injury are poorly explored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of C. asiatica (L.)-neurodifferentiated MSCs on the regeneration of peripheral nerve in a critical-size defect animal model. METHODS: Nerve conduit was developed using decellularised artery seeded with C. asiatica-neurodifferentiated MSCs (ndMSCs). A 1.5 cm sciatic nerve injury in Sprague-Dawley rat was bridged with reversed autograft (RA) (n = 3, the gold standard treatment), MSC-seeded conduit (MC) (n = 4) or ndMSC-seeded conduit (NC) (n = 4). Pinch test and nerve conduction study were performed every 2 weeks for a total of 12 weeks. At the 12th week, the conduits were examined by histology and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: NC implantation improved the rats' sensory sensitivity in a similar manner to RA. At the 12th week, nerve conduction velocity was the highest in NC compared with that of RA and MC. Axonal regeneration was enhanced in NC and RA as shown by the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP). The average number of myelinated axons was significantly higher in NC than in MC but significantly lower than in RA. The myelin sheath thickness was higher in NC than in MC but lower than in RA. CONCLUSION: NC showed promising effects on nerve regeneration and functional restoration similar to those of RA. These findings revealed the neuroregenerative properties of C. asiatica and its potential as an alternative strategy for the treatment of critical size nerve defect.

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