Indonesia is one of the top ten diabetes mellittus (DM) countries. However as the main complication of DM, there was lack of studies related to diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Thus, the aim of this study was to survey the prevalence of DFU risk factors and DFU among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. An epidemiological study was conducted at an outpatient endocrine clinic in a regional hospital, eastern Indonesia. All T2DM participants attending research setting that were ≥ 18 years were included. Demographic and foot care behavior were assessed using minimum data sheet (MDS). Meanwhile, presence of risk factors was evaluated by using 5.07/10 g Semmes-Weinsten Monofilament (SWM) for neuropathy and presence of angiopathy was evaluated with Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) by using a hand held Doppler (Bidop ES-100V3, Hadeco-Kawasaki, Japan) both dorsal and posterior tibialis foot. At the end of study, 249 T2DM participants were enrolled. The prevalence of DFU risk factors was 55.4% (95% CI: 53.7%-57.0%), and prevalence of DFU was 12% (95% CI: 10.3%-13.6%). Based on a logistic regression, predictors for DFU risk factors included age (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.005-1.074) and daily foot inspection (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.186-0.703). Meanwhile, the predictors for presence of DFU were insulin (OR: 9.37; 95% CI: 2.240-39.182), shoes (OR: 0.05; 95% CI: 0.007-0.294), spiritual belief that DM was a disease (OR: 0.04; 95% CI: 0.004-0.326) and belief that DM was a temptation from God (OR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.027-0.598). In conclusion, we recommend to educate high risk patients to understand positive foot care behavior as essentially preventive strategies to prevent presence risk and DFU.
Stroke dan penyakit gangguan fungsi neurologis lainnya akan mengakibatkan berbagai macam gangguan fungsi tubuh seperti gangguan fungsi kognitif, sirkulasi, kekuatan otot, fungsi perifer, fisiologis yang akan berpengaruh pada sistem sensorik dan motorik penderitanya. Hal ini membuat pasien mengalami immobilisasi. Immobilisasi yang lama akan menimbulkan resiko kerusakan pada permukaan tubuh yang tertekan yang disebut dengan dekubitus terutama pada daerah-daerah yang menonjol. Oleh karena dilakukan pemberian tindakan reposisi dan massage untuk menurunkan derajat dekubitus pasien imobilisasi dengan gangguan neurologis. Penelitian ini merupakan penerapan Evidence Based Nursing Practice (EBNP) dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang melihat perubahan pada luka dekubitus yang terjadi setiap hari. Populasi dalam penerapan EBNP ini adalah seluruh pasien yang dirawat di Ruang perawatan Lontara 3 Neuro RS dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling, sampel ditentukan berdasarkan Number Needed to Treat (NNT) dari jurnal utama yang digunakan sebagai pedoman penerapan EBNP. Hasil implementasi EBNP ditemukan bahwa pemberian reposisi dan massage selama 7 hari dapat menurunkan ukuran diameter luka, memberikan perubahan warna mendekati warna kulit di sekitar, lebih cepat menurunkan derajat luka pada dekubitus derajat 1, dan lebih cepat menurunkan derajat dekubitus pada bagian Heel. Disimpulkan bahwa reposisi dan massage efektif dalam menurunkan dekubitus derajat 1 dan 2 pada pasien imobilisasi dengan gangguan neurologis di Ruang Lontara 3 Neuro RS dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. Sehingga perawat sebaiknya melakukan screening dekubitus dan jika ditemukan tanda-tanda dekubitus derajat 1 dan 2 sebaiknya dilakukan kombinasi reposisi tiap 2 jam dan massage 2 kali sehari minimal selama 7 hari. Stroke and other neurological dysfunction diseases will result in various kinds of bodily disorders such as cognitive impairment, circulation, muscle strength, peripheral function, physiological effects that will affect the sensory and motor systems. This makes the patient immobilized. Prolonged immobilization will pose a risk of damage to depressed body surfaces called pressure ulcers, especially on prominent areas. Therefore, the administration of repositioning and massage measures to reduce the degree of pressure ulcers of immobilized patients with neurological disorders. This research is the application of Evidence Based Nursing Practice (EBNP) with a case study approach that looks at changes in pressure ulcers that occur every day. The population in the application of EBNP is all patients treated in the Lontara 3 room Neuro at Hospital Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling, the sample is determined based on the Number Needed to Treat (NNT) from the main journal that is used as a guideline for the implementation of EBNP. The results of the EBNP implementation found that the administration of repositioning and massage for 7 days can reduce the size of the wound diameter, provide color changes close to the color of the surrounding skin, more quickly reduce the degree of injury in pressure ulcerss 1 degree, and more quickly reduce the degree of pressure ulcers on the heel. It was concluded that repositioning and massage are effective in reducing pressure ulcers 1 and 2 in immobilized patients with neurological disorders in the Lontara 3 room Neuro Hospital Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. So that nurses should do dekubituss and if there are signs of pressure ulcers 1 and 2 should be a combination of repositioning every 2 hours and massage twice a day for at least 7 days.
The problems in this study: first, whether the patent system in Indonesia and China is effective for technology transfer? Second, what are the roles of the Chinese and Indonesia government for technology transfer? This study uses a normative legal research. The results of the research concluded that first, there are no special regulations in Indonesia regulating the transfer of technology. Some policies are contradict to each other and are directed to meet the needs of special parts of industry. While in China, the rules governing the transfer of technology experiences some changes along with China's accession to WTO. Second, the Indonesian government has attempted to use some performance requirements in the regulation of foreign investment for the faster transfer effect from technology. However, the existing legislation is weak or not enforced, and there are no special incentives to encourage FDI to upgrade local technological capabilities.
Pendahuluan: Prevalensi stroke setiap tahun mengalami peningkatan. Stroke yang tidak ditangani dengan baik akan menyebabkan penurunan kualitas hidup pasien. Tujuan: memberikan gambaran umum berbagai bukti dari penelitian terdahulu mengenai kualitas hidup pada pasien pasca stroke sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi Spritual Emotional Freedom Technique. Metode: Melakukan tinjauan literature review dengan pencarian melalui database elektronik yaitu Garuda, Pubmed, dan Google Schoolar, dan diperoleh 3 artikel penelitian yang relevan dari tahun 2011-2021 berdasarkan kriteria inklusi maupun ekslusi. Hasil: Setelah diberikan tindakan SEFT ditemukan adanya peningkatan kualitas hidup pada pasien post stroke. Kesimpulan: Terapi SEFT (Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique) efektif meningkatkan kualitas hidup pada pasien pasca stroke.
Introduction: The impact on head injury is trauma to the scalp, brain, and skull, so to maintain stable oxygenation in body and brain tissues, oxygen therapy is very important in head injury patients so that oxygen saturation levels increase. Objective: To determine the description of oxygen therapy on changes in oxygen saturation levels in clients with head injuries. Methods: descriptive case study with the subjects used were 2 patients through inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Results: Changes in oxygen saturation levels in patients Head injuries A and H for 3 days experienced an increase after receiving oxygen therapy of 3 L/minute through a nasal cannula. Conclusion: nasal cannula oxygen therapy can increase oxygen saturation.
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