BACKGROUNDLeprosy is a disease showing wide variations in its clinical presentations and disparities between clinical and histopathological presentations. The aim of this study was to assess the extent of correlation between clinical and histopathological diagnosis in cases diagnosed with leprosy.
BACKGROUND Herpes genitalis (HG) is a sexually transmitted infection of great public health importance. HSV-2 is the major cause of the infection in more than 80% of such cases. Many patients with other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) without clinical signs and symptoms of HG also were found to have serological positivity for HSV-2 on serological screening for STIs. Objective-To study the seroprevalence of HSV-2 antibodies in patients with HG, 'Other STIs' and a cross section of the general population in the STI clinic attached to the Department of Dermatology and Venereology of Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, one of the biggest tertiary care centre in South India. MATERIALS AND METHODS 51 patients who attended the clinic with various STIs and an equal number of individuals of the sexually active age group as a comparison group were screened for HSV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies tested by ELISA and the titres were recorded. Statistical analysis was done by an appropriate computer software and Chi-square test as a non-parametric test. RESULTS HSV-2 IgM or IgG was positive in 58.8% of STI patients, 95.2% of HG cases, 33.33% of patients with 'other STIs' and 27.45% of individuals of the comparison group representing the general population.
BACKGROUNDAdverse drug reactions (ADR) are a legacy of the rapid and newer developments made in the field of pharmaceuticals worldwide every day. They represent an important but underestimated cause of morbidity, increased health expenditure, hospital admissions and even mortality.This study focuses on the various morphological patterns of cutaneous ADR, the causative drugs and the outcome of the reactions. It also aims to find out the probable causative drugs using an in vivo test in the form of patch test. MATERIALS AND METHODSThis is a descriptive study undertaken in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical College Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram, South India for a period of one year, which included 121 clinically diagnosed cases of cutaneous adverse drug reactions. RESULTS92 of them presented with complaints of skin lesions (96.7%); 24 patients had taken penicillins (19.8%) which was the predominant drug; 59 patients (48.8%) had developed reaction within 3 days of administration of the drug. Erythematous macules, papules and small plaques were noticed in 68 patients (56.2%); 43 patients (35.5%) had associated mucosal lesions with majority having involvement of more than one mucosal site. Patch test was done in 39 patients (32.2%) and a positive test result was obtained in 12 cases (9.9%). Exanthematous reactions were observed in 48 patients (39.7%) and urticaria and angioedema in 34 patients (28.1%). There were 18 cases (14.9%) in the SJS-TEN complex. Exanthematous reactions were commonly produced by anticonvulsants in 16 patients (33.33%). CONCLUSIONThis prospective descriptive study on cutaneous adverse drug reactions in 121 cases showed the commonest pattern of drug reaction being exanthematic type followed by urticaria/angioedema and SJS/TEN complex. The commonest offending drug group was NSAIDS, in which paracetamol and diclofenac were the commonest individual drugs imputed followed by anticonvulsants and antibiotics. Penicillins and cephalosporins were the commonest antibiotics responsible. The previously implicated carbamazepine as the commonest cause for severe cutaneous adverse reactions has been taken over by phenytoin as observed in this study. The in vivo patch test using the suspected offending drug as the antigen was positive in 30.7% of the tested cases indicating its role as an adjunct to clinical diagnosis as in a few earlier studies.
BACKGROUNDPrimary pyodermas are important and common public health problem in all sectors of the society, especially among the lower stratum in developing countries. This study was undertaken with the primary aims of studying the clinical profile of primary pyodermas in children and studying the bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity.
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