Introduction: Since the 20th century, electric shock torture has become one of the most prevalent methods of torture partly because it produces sequelae that are more challenging to visibly detect, particularly when administered using high voltage and low current. In sexual torture, a wire is wrapped around the head of the penis and a wire electrode is inserted into the urethra.This produces unbearable pain and can lead to urethral strictures with devastating physical and psychological consequences. Objective: To document electric shock torture to genitals as an etiologic agent in urethral stricture and erectile dysfunction amongst survivors of electric torture introduc- ing the term “parrilla urethra” for the electric shock torture urethral stricture. Materials and methods: The study included 40 patients who attended the Department of Urology, Directorate of Health services, Sri- nagar, Kashmir, India with obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) / obstructive uroflowmetry between March 2010 and No- vember 2014. All cases had an antecedent of electric shock torture to genitals six months to one year prior to examination. Pre-post psy- chological impact and well-being was used through Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scores. Results: The mean age of patients was 35.6 years. Most of the urethral strictures were located in the anterior urethra. Some degree of erectile dysfunction was present in all (100%) of patients. Psychological sequelae including depression, anxiety, acute stress disorder and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder were observed. Patients were treated with stan- dard urethroplasty procedures after address- ing the urethral stricture.This improved both physical and psychological sequelae of torture.

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to evaluate oral single/multiple doses of Fosfomycin Trometamol with clinical and microbiological efficacy in:Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy.Endourological procedures.Lower urinary tract infections. Material and methodsThis prospective, uncontrolled, open label study was conducted in two tertiary hospitals over a period of three years. A total of 400 patients were included in the study. Group A (200 patients) with asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy and Group B (200 Patients) with symptomatic lower urinary tract infections and with any day care endourological procedures were enrolled in our study. Efficacy end points like post- antibiotic urinalysis, microbiological efficacy and clinical improvement with adverse effects of the drug were evaluated.ResultsOf the 400 patients studied, 98% returned for follow-up. Out of the 304 urinary isolates in Table 2 (ASB and symptomatic LUTS) grown on urinary culture, majority of the isolates were Gram-negative Enterobacteriacae family. After oral single/multiple doses of fosfomycin, bacterial eradication, bacterial persistence, bacterial reinfection were 96.3%, 3.9%, 3.9% respectively (Figure 2). No isolates were grown in 8 cases (Table 2). However, on administration of the drug 23.5% patients noticed diarrhea (loose stools) followed by itching (19.7%) in genital area (Figure 1).ConclusionsFosfomycin Trometamol is a bactericidal antibiotic with a broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive also Gram-negative bacteriae. It has an advantage of oral single /multiple doses, higher eradication rate of bacteria after 48 hours, excellent tolerability and safety in pregnancy and other female age groups. We recommend Fosfomycin Trometamol as the drug of choice particularly in patients with poor drug compliance and for minor day care endourological procedures.

Aim:To assess the effectiveness of laparoscopic stentless pyeloplasty for congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction.Materials and Methods:This was a prospective comparative study conducted over a period of 5 years. The study included 35 cases of primary ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) with mean age of 29.5 years, divided in two groups- Group A (stent-less, 18 patients) and Group B (stented, 17 patients). Follow up ranged from one to 4years (mean 2 years). Transperitoneal laparoscopic Anderson- Hyene's pyeloplasty was standard for both the groups. Perioperative and postoperative complications were prospectively collected and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 17 version using Pearson chi square test.Results:Both the groups were comparable with respect to preoperative differential renal function (DRF) and time required for maximum activity in minutes (tmax.min). Average post operative DRF was significantly higher than preoperative DRF in both the groups. Average tmax was significantly lower after pyeloplasty than pre operative tmax. Mean operative time, mean duration of urethral catheter, and mean duration of drain removal were comparable in both the groups. However bothersome irritative lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and hematuria were significantly more in group B patients (P < 0.0001 and <0.013 respectively).Conclusion:In experienced hands, laparoscopic stentless pyeloplasty is as effective method for treating UPJO as its stented counterpart. It is cost effective, avoids stent-related morbidity, and could be performed without compromising the success rate. However, more randomized studies are needed to evaluate the safety of stentless pyeloplasty.

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Aims and Objective:The aim of this study is to highlight the use of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) interposition graft as an important salvage procedure in case of irreparable intimal injury of external iliac artery during renal transplant recipient surgery.Materials and Methods:Since 1987, we encountered irreparable intimal dissection of external iliac artery in five cases just after opening the clamp. It was successfully managed by PTFE interposition graft with subsequent end to side anastomosis of donor renal artery to the vascular graft.Results:No patient had bleeding or infective complications related to the graft and three patients had immediate diuresis. Normal immediate graft function was present in three patients while the other two had delayed graft function.Conclusion:Polytetrafluoroethylene interposition graft is a successful procedure to salvage the kidney and lower limb in case of progressive intimal dissection of external iliac artery during renal transplant surgery.