BackgroundStar fruit is a popular medicinal fruit in the tropics. Its hypoglycaemic properties are considered useful in achieving glycaemic control in diabetes. Star fruit induced nephrotoxicity is a rare cause of acute kidney injury in individuals with both normal and reduced baseline renal function. We present three cases of acute kidney injury due to star fruit nephrotoxicity from Sri Lanka, and discuss the published literature on this topic.Case presentationThree Sri Lankan patients, all with a background of diabetes, presented to us with acute nausea and anorexia following recent consumption of star fruit. Two patients complained of diarrhoea and one patient complained of intractable hiccoughs. They all had elevated serum creatinine on admission. Two were known to have normal baseline serum creatinine levels. On renal biopsy two had evidence of oxalate crystal deposition. One did not show crystal deposition but had acute interstitial nephritis for which no alternate cause could be identified. Two were treated with short courses of prednisolone and two required acute haemodialysis. All recovered renal function, with both patients with known baselines approaching their premorbid serum creatinine levels.ConclusionConsumption of star fruit, especially on an empty stomach or in a state of dehydration may precipitate acute kidney injury. A history of star fruit ingestion must be actively looked for in patients presenting with unexplained acute kidney injury. The use of star fruit as a therapy for diabetes should be discouraged.
BackgroundReflex anuria is an uncommon cause for acute renal failure, which occurs almost always after manipulation or irritation to kidneys, ureter, bladder or other pelvic organs.Case presentationHere we describe a case of acute renal failure due to reflex anuria following acute cardiac event. This patient had background history of urolithiasis. In the absence of other pre renal, renal or post- renal causes for acute kidney injury, we believe reflex anuria is the causative entity for acute renal failure in our patient.ConclusionAcute renal failure due to reflex anuria is related to a reflex mechanism involving arteriolar vasoconstriction and urethral spasm. Patients with reflex anuria can be successfully managed with medical or surgical interventions. Our case suggests that reflex anuria should be considered as one of the differential diagnosis of acute renal failure following acute cardiac event, especially in patients with background urological problem.
The aims of this research is to determine the interaction between chicken manure dose and NPK (16:16:16) and also to obtain the dose that can give the best effect on the growth and yield of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) Varieties of Granola. The research was carried out on August to November 2020, in Pangkalan Kamojang, Laksana Village, Ibun District, Bandung Regency, West Java with an altitude of 1.500 m above sea level. This research used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 3 replications. Factor I: Dose of chicken manure (k1 = 5 tons/ha, k2 = 10 tons/ha, k3 = 15 tons/ha). Factor II: Dose of NPK 16:16:16 (n1 = 350 kg/ha, n2 = 400 kg/ha, n3 = 450 kg/ha). The results showed that there was an interaction between the dose of chicken manure and NPK (16:16:16) on the weight of tubers per plant. The best results were shown by the combination of k3n2 treatment (15 ton/ha chicken manure dose and 400 kg/ha NPK 16:16:16). Dose treatment of chicken manure gave effect on plant height, number of stems, number and weight of tubers per plant, and tuber weight per plot. Dose treatment of NPK (16:16:16) gave effect on plant height, number of stems, number and weight of tubers per plant, and tuber weight per plot.
Keywords: Potato, dosage, chicken manure, NPK
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