The use of drugs is one of the most common causes of liver injury, because the liver is the main organ that metabolizes drugs. Little is currently done if there is a liver injury due to the hepatotoxic side effects of a drug. Herbal plants have active natural compounds that have pharmacological effects so they are widely used as alternative treatments. Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is one of the most cultivated plants in Asia. Studies on the use of Ocimum basilicum in medicine have been carried out, one of which is the hepatoprotector effect. Studies indicate that Ocimum basilicum is rich in high antioxidant content (flavonoids, saponins, tannins, sterols, triterpenes, and rosmaniric acid) capable of providing hepatoprotector effects by helping the regeneration process of hepatocyte cells that are damaged by hepatotoxic agents and significantly decreasing liver damage biomarkers. The purpose of this review is to explain the potential of Ocimum basilicum as a hepatoprotective agent for liver injury associated with drugs. The conclusion of this review is Ocimum basilicum has high potential in its utilization as a hepatoprotector against liver injury mainly related to the consumption of drugs that have hepatotoxic effects.
Latar Belakang: ALT dan AST merupakan suatu biomarker yang dapat mengindikasikan adanya kerusakan hepatosit. Hiperurisemia diketahui merupakan salah satu penyebab utama cedera hepatosit sehingga hiperurisemia yang tidak terkontrol akan menyebabkan kerusakan pada hepar. Ocimum basilicum (kemangi sayur) diketahui memiliki kandungan antioksidan tinggi dan sifat hepatoprotektif sehingga berpotensi untuk menjadi terapi herbal alternatif pencegahan kerusakan hepar akibat hiperurisemia.Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun kemangi terhadap kadar serum ALT dan AST pada mencit (Mus musculus) yang diinjeksi asam urat.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan quasy experimental dengan post-test only control group design. Penelitian ini menggunakan 25 ekor mencit yang diinjeksi asam urat intraperitoneal sebanyak 125 mg/KgBB, kemudian dilakukan pemberian terapi ekstrak etanol daun kemangi sayur dengan dosis 11,2 mg/20gBB, 14 mg/20gBB, dan 16,8 mg/20gBB. Data kadar AST dilakukan pengujian statistik menggunakan uji ANOVA dan Post-Hoc Bonferroni test, sedangkan data kadar ALT menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis dan Mann-Whitney test.Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan rerata yang bermakna pada kadar AST serum (p=0,00) maupun pada kadar ALT serum (p=0,008) secara keseluruhan kelompok. Perbedaan kadar AST serum tampak signifikan pada kelompok K+ terhadap K1 (p=0,039), K+ terhadap K2 (p=0,001), dan K+ terhadap K3 (p=0,008). Sedangkan pada kadar ALT serum, adanya perbedaan yang bermakna didapatkan pada kelompok K+ terhadap K1 (p=0,047), K+ terhadap K2 (p=0,009), dan K+ terhadap K3 (p=0,009).Simpulan: Pemberian ekstrak etanol daun kemangi sayur memiliki pengaruh terhadap penurunan kadar AST dan ALT serum pada mencit yang diinjeksi asam urat. Kata Kunci : Hiperurisemia, AST, ALT, Ocimum basilicum, antioksidan
The use of drugs is one of the most common causes of liver injury, because the liver is the main organ that metabolizes drugs. Little is currently done if there is a liver injury due to the hepatotoxic side effects of a drug. Herbal plants have active natural compounds that have pharmacological effects so they are widely used as alternative treatments. Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is one of the most cultivated plants in Asia. Studies on the use of Ocimum basilicum in medicine have been carried out, one of which is the hepatoprotector effect. Studies indicate that Ocimum basilicum is rich in high antioxidant content (flavonoids, saponins, tannins, sterols, triterpenes, and rosmaniric acid) capable of providing hepatoprotector effects by helping the regeneration process of hepatocyte cells that are damaged by hepatotoxic agents and significantly decreasing liver damage biomarkers. The purpose of this review is to explain the potential of Ocimum basilicum as a hepatoprotective agent for liver injury associated with drugs. The conclusion of this review is Ocimum basilicum has high potential in its utilization as a hepatoprotector against liver injury mainly related to the consumption of drugs that have hepatotoxic effects.
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