The COVID-19 pandemic has ravaged the global tourism industry, leaving millions of people unemployed without certainty when tourism bounces back. Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are amongst the worst hit by the novel coronavirus. The unprecedented crisis has severely aggravated the SIDS economic growth due to relying on foreign tourists heavily. In the absence of international tourism, small island residents have been grappling with alternative income sources. Despite its notorious impacts, many scholars look at this global pandemic as a discernible opportunity to reverse mass tourism in the SIDS. Therefore, this paper aims to elaborate on the current condition of small islands communities amid COVID-19, their coping strategies, and their reflection of the future tourism industry in the SIDS. Furthermore, this paper also aims to discuss a prevailing policy to contain health emergency and economic collapse in the SIDS. Based on the critical literature review, many SIDS were already faced complex predicaments before the pandemic, such as high vulnerability to the climate crisis, lack of natural resources, extreme poverty, and reliance on external debts. International support is crucial to avoid the worst-case scenario for SIDS, including those which depend on the tourism industry. As a part of the recovery phase, this paper underscores the urgency of a more sustainable tourism practice for future development in the SIDS. That comprises strategic issues ranging from environmental-based tourism with a focus on socio-cultural aspects, and economic diversification to small island community resilience.
This article depicts the disaster survivors' recent situation amidst the COVID-19 crisis in Palu City (Central Sulawesi). Even though multiple disasters occurred around two years ago, there are still many people living in temporary shelters. They could not apply a health protocol recommendation such as physical distancing due to densely populated setting. Apart from that, they could not access a proper WASH facility in the evacuation camps. The coronavirus outbreak has been undermining the temporary shelters' dwellers hardly. Most of them are trapped or unable to move to a safe place, albeit they want to do it so. The local government has anticipated the worst-case scenario through direct assistance and stimulus programs. However, those ongoing programs are inadequate to reach the whole communities in need. In order to manage the COVID-19 pandemic, this article suggests people empowering approach by harnessing the existing social capital, for instance, social network and community-based initiatives. Learning from the tragedy on 28 September 2018, the community-based initiatives focus on providing basic needs (food, sanitizer, mask) and mental health support.Â
One of the challenges of sustainable urban development is to provide a viable environment for the population following the function of space and community activities within it. Research on green space in the Netherlands is important as a response to the global environmental crisis as well as the realization of sustainable development. This research uses an interdisciplinary approach through the analysis of the phenomena of spatial management in the context of local-global sustainable urban development. An interdisciplinary approach is used because the issue of "sustainable cities" is multidimensional, so it takes more than one perspective in reviewing it, in this multidisciplinary research involved among other anthropology, urban social planning, and sociology. Based on the research problem formulated, the science perspectives are expected to answer the question of how space is interpreted, negotiated and become a vehicle for the distribution of sustainable development ideas. This dynamic also captures the context of green space management so that this study contributes to enriching theoretical studies on the construction of urban spaces. This research question is answered through qualitative methods of collecting primary data through interviews, focused discussions and observations, as well as searching related literature as secondary data. The result of this study found that the attention of the Dutch environmental policy has also regulated spatial management, primarily related to "space" as part of human activities and has environmental and social impacts. Spatial policy in the Dutch context is articulated as a place of negotiation embodied in the EU's global and regional collective consensus.
Global solid waste generation is steeply increasing. Currently, high-income countries are responsible for the utmost per capita waste generation, but as economies of the Global South are growing rapidly, their waste is expected to triple by 2050. Simultaneously, countries such as Indonesia did not manage to align their socio-economic development with a sustainable solid waste management (SWM) and therefore contribute significantly to waste debris. Community participation is recognized by governments and civil society actors as an inclusive and transformative tool to manage exacerbating environmental issues. Urban regions intensify the challenges of solid waste generation, as is the case in Jakarta. Therefore, sustainable waste management is subject to an increasing number of civil society organizations. The study analyzed how participative processes within SWM efforts in Jakarta are executed, to investigate potentials and obstacles that evolve during the implementation. Another aim was to explore the heterogenous perspectives of participation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with civil society actors, including non-governmental organizations (NGOs), social enterprises, and waste banks to get insights into participatory procedures in Jakarta. The results reveal that the waste problems in Jakarta are complex, interrelated, and multi-layered. While participatory procedures have been acknowledged by the organizations to be highly relevant for waste management, such approaches should be adapted depending on the local circumstances and actors. Some of the obstacles and limitations include deficiency of infrastructure for SWM, lack of government engagement, and general awareness. Therefore, participatory formats should be combined, e.g., with suitable structures and balanced engagement of all relevant actors. Among others, further empirical research is needed to get a better understanding of the effectiveness of participation for efforts addressing environmental pollution. Such research can reveal (hidden) potentials of participative formats for sustainable waste management in urban or metropolitan areas in the Global South.
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