(2015) Solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) for oral delivery of glimepiride: development and antidiabetic activity in albino rabbits, Drug Delivery, 22:4, 499-508, DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2013 Context: This study presents novel self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system potential of oral delivering which leads poorly aqueous soluble drug glimepiride.Objective: The objective of this study was to prepare solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) for the improved oral delivery of glimepiride and to evaluate its therapeutic efficacy in albino rabbits.Results and discussion: The droplet size analyses revealed a droplet size of less than 200 nm. The solid state characterization of S-SNEDDS by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed the absence of crystalline glimepiride in the S-SNEDDS. The in vitro dissolution studies revealed that the significant improvement in glimepiride release characteristics. The effect of S-SNEDDS on therapeutic efficacy of glimepride was assessed in albino rabbits by monitoring blood glucose levels and compared with free drug suspension, L-SNEDDS. The S-SNEDDS showed significant (p50.05) increase in in vitro drug release and therapeutic efficacy as compared with free drug. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that S-SNEDDS is a promising novel drug delivery system of glimepride to enhance oral delivery.

It can be concluded that a combination of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K 15M, sodium carboxy methylcellulose and NaHCO3 can be used to increase the gastric residence time of the dosage form to improve local effect of metronidazole.

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Background: There are many analytical methods available for estimation of glimepiride in biological samples and pharmaceutical preparations. To our knowledge, there is no specific reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for estimation of glimepiride and its dissolution study in self-nanoemulsifying powder (SNEP) formulation. Methods: A simple method was carried out on a 5-μm particle octadesyl silane (ODS) column (250 × 4.6 mm) with acetonitrile: 0.2 M phosphate buffer (pH = 7.4) 40:60 v/v as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and quantification was achieved at 228 nm using PDA detector. Results: The correlation coefficient (r

Context: Piroxicam (PXM), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug which is poorly soluble in water and ulcerogenic. Milk has been used against the gastric disturbances caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In this study, skimmed milk (SKM) is used as the carrier for inclusion complex (IC) due to its surface active agent and amino acid content. Purpose: To enhance the solubility, dissolution rate and prevent ulcerogenicity of PXM though IC with SKM. Methods: IC of PXM were prepared with SKM by solvent evaporation method using rota evaporator and were evaluated for solubility, dissolution, solid state characterization, drug excipient interaction, rat intestinal permeation, ulcerogenicity and histopathological studies. Results: Solubility of PXM was enhanced 2.5 times with IC. The dissolution release and amount of PXM permeated through rat small intestine was enhanced significantly with IC. Decreases in the gastric lesion index values of IC were observed than physical mixture (PM) and free PXM. The histopathological studies revealed significant reduction in ulceration in rat stomach after treatment with IC. Conclusion: It is concluded that SKM is a good carrier to prepare IC of PXM for oral administration.

Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is of vital significance to tackle the antibiotic resistance. Insights of physicians is important for implementation of AMS. Therefore, present study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding antibiotic stewardship among professional physicians in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted among professional physicians between January 2020 to April 2020 in clusters of Saudi hospitals. The self-administered and closed ended questionnaire encompassed of informed consent, demographics information and questionnaire which included 7 items for knowledge, 10 for attitude and 8 for practices. Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test was performed to assess the relationship of knowledge, attitude and practices with gender and medical specialty of the study participants along with descriptive statistics. A p value below (p<0.05) was considered significant for all the statistical purposes. A total of 413 medical practitioners participated in this study. Most of the participants were male 280 (67.8%), aged 31-40 years 163(39.4%). The term antimicrobial stewardship was known to 55.9% of participants and 65% of participants knew the difference between and bactericidal antimicrobial agents (). 71.9% participants opined that can be prevented by using specific . 89% of participants do not prescribe on demand of patients. Health professionals should be adequately trained regarding usage of and their consequences to curb the menace of quickly developing AMA resistance.

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Introduction: Social media and acceptance of the information related to health is becoming acceptable to an extent for the public. The use of social media is rapidly growing and it is being used both by healthcare professionals and patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of social networking applications for experience and behaviour towards health information among diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study, conducted in spring of 2020 (April to May). The distribution of the survey questionnaire was done online through various social media platforms with a convenience sample of people with diabetes (n=569), Eligibility criteria were aged 18 and above, Saudis with diagnosis of diabetes and willing to give consent were included in the study. Exclusion criteria were less than 18 years old and non-Saudis and non-diabetic. Results: Analysis of online survey data indicated that WhatsApp (89.1%) was the most commonly used social network followed by Snapchat (66.3%), Instagram (40.6%), Twitter (35%), Telegram (19.5%), Tiktok (12.5%) and Facebook (10%). About 25 (4.4%) participants strongly agreed that health information from social media impact life positively. More than half 290(51%) participants agreed to apply information only from the trusted websites. Near about half 275(48.3%) disagreed that social media could invent treatment for diabetes more than believing in health institution and medicinal industries. Nearly one-fourth 141(24.8%) of participants agreed that all health information from social media is right. Almost 264 (46.4%) said that they sometimes face health information in social media. Nearly 265(46.6%) patients mentioned that they never applied themselves any information claiming treating diabetes. Conclusion: This study shows the effect of social media on diabetic patients and various responses of diabetic patients in regard of their beliefs and experience towards health information from social media. Most of the respondents agreed that they apply information obtained from social network and the same could lead to some deleterious effects on health.