Increased animal intensification presents with increasing risks of animal diseases. The Egyptian household poultry is peculiar in its management style and housing and this present with particular challenges of risk of infection to both the flock and humans. Biosecurity remains one of the most important means of reducing risks of infection in the household poultry, however not much information is available to support its feasibility at the household level of production. In this study financial feasibilities of biosecurity were modeled and evaluated based on certain production parameters. Risks of particular importance to the household poultry were categorized and highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 was the most risky disease while people-related risk was the most important risk category. It was observed that basic biosecurity measures were applicable in the household poultry and it would be 8.45 times better to implement biosecurity than to do nothing against HPAI H5N1; 4.88 times better against Newcastle disease and 1.49 times better against coccidiosis.Sensitivity analyses proved that the household poultry project was robust and would withstand various uncertainties. An uptake pathway for basic biosecurity was suggested. The outcome of this work should support decisions to implement biosecurity at the household sector of poultry production.
Poultry production experienced tremendous change in Egypt in the last three decades.Small-scale family poultry production otherwise called household poultry was part of this transformation but to date no concise description has been made of the Egyptian household poultry. In this report, poultry production at the household level in Egypt was described using a survey and reviews. Inputs and outputs of this production system were evaluated and the profitability of the household poultry was estimated. Household poultry contribute immensely to food security in Egypt; provide certain income and social security. A mean flock size of 73 (mixed flock) was determined and this will yield a net annual profit of 2287.67LE (US$397.34) per annum with some forms of household biosecurity. The important household poultry diseases are principally viral and bacterial and certain other diseases. While the Egyptian household poultry are similar to others in Africa in terms of multi species stocks, women-driven project, labour and marketing structures, it differs in input systems, hatchery method, disease management, and other indices. Suggestions for improvement of this sector of the poultry industry were offered.
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