BackgroundWe assessed whether a short training, effective in a high resource country, was able to improve the quality of face-mask ventilation (FMV) in a low resource setting.MethodsLocal healthcare providers at the Centre Médico-Social, Kouvè, Togo were asked to ventilate a neonatal leak-free manikin before (time—t1) and after (t2) a two-minute training session. Immediately after this section, a further two-minute training with participants aware of the data monitor was offered. Finally, a third 1-minute FMV round (t3) was performed by each participant. Ventilatory parameters were recorded using a computerized system. Primary outcome was the percentage of breaths with relevant mask leak (>25%). Secondary outcomes were percentages of breaths with a low peak inspiratory pressure (PIP<20 cm H2O), within the recommended PIP (20–35 cm H2O) and with a high PIP (>35 cm H2O).ResultsTwenty-six subjects participated in the study. The percentage of relevant mask leak significantly decreased (p<0.0001; β = -0.76, SE = 0.10) from 89.7% (SD 21.5%) at t1 to 45.4% (SD 27.2%) at t2 and to 18.3% (SD 20.1%) at t3. The percentage of breaths within the recommended PIP significantly increased (p<0.0001; β = +0.54, SE = 0.12). The percentage of breaths with PIP>35 cm H2O was 19.5% (SD 32.8%) at t1 and 39.2% (SD 37.7%) at t2 (padj = 0.27; β = +0.61, SE = 0.36) and significantly decreased (padj = 0.01; β = -1.61, SE = 0.55) to 6.0% (SD 15.4%) at t3.ConclusionsA 2-minute training on FMV, effective in a high resource country, had a positive effect also in a low resource setting. FMV performance further improved after an extra 2-minute verbal recall plus real time feedback. Although the training was extended, it still does not cost much time and effort. Further studies are needed to establish if these basic skills are transferred in real patients and if they are maintained over time.

Introduction: Dyslipidemia is a significant cardiovascular risk factor in patients living with HIV (PLWHIV). Few data are available in Togo. Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated factors in PLWHIV on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of patients followed at the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital's infectious diseases department for six months. The study population consisted of any PLWHIV patient on HAART over 18 years of age who had been regularly monitored and had a serum lipid fraction assay. Results: Two hundred and eighty-four patients were included. 75.4% were women. The median age was 46 years (IQR: 39 -52) and the median CD4 count was 461 cel/U1 (IQR: 330 -607). Eighty-three percent of the patients had suppressed viral load. The median duration of follow-up under antiretroviral treatment antiretroviral treatment was 4.18 years (IQR: 2 -7). The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 72.5%. HDL hypocholesterolemia (HDL-c < 40 mg/dl) was the most represented dyslipidemia in 49.6%. Body mass index, past treated tuberculosis, HAART regimen substitution, abdominal obesity, past smoking and being exposed to Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRITs) were found to be factors associated to dyslipidemia. Conclusion: Our study revealed a high prevalence of How to cite this paper: Moukaila, A.

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Introduction: The objective of our study was to evaluate, in a population of Togolese People Living With HIV (PLWHIV), the agreement between three scores derived from the general population namely the Framingham score, the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), the evaluation of the cardiovascular risk (CVR) according to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the CVR evaluation equation derived from the Data collection on Adverse effects of anti-HIV Drugs (D.A.D). Methods: We conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study including 212 HIV-infected patients recruited from the day hospital of the Infectious Diseases Department of the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital. The level of agreement between the different scores was estimated using the Pearson correlation test and the Cohen Kappa coefficient.