Français. Le cortège floristique de la région sud de l’Oranie (Chott El Gharbi) est marqué par une pauvreté par rapport au nord. Cet écosystème aride se caractérise par la présence très localisée de peuplements végétaux steppiques xérophytes et halophytes souvent exposés a une dégradation irréversible. Afin de comprendre la dynamique et l’évolution de ces taxons, nous avons entamé une étude qui se base sur les variables suivantes: Sol, climat, et végétation. Les sols de cette région sont pauvres en matière organique (0.45%), de texture limono-sableuse avec une salinité élevée (2,42 mS/cm). L’étude de la végétation se base sur la méthode de Braun-blanquet (1951), où 40 relevés floristiques ont étés pris en compte. L’utilisation de l’AFC (analyse factoriel des correspondances) réalisée à partir du logiciel minitab 15 nous a permis de mettre en exergue les différents gradients écologiques qui régissent la composition et la répartition floristique de ces formations dominées par le type biologique thérophyte.English. The floristic region south of Oran (Chott El Gharbi) is marked by more bareness compared to the north. This arid ecosystem is characterized by the presence of highly localized xerophytic steppe plant populations and halophytes often exposed to irreversible damage. To understand the dynamics and evolution of these taxa, we initiated a study based on the following variables: soil, climate and vegetation. Soils in this region are poor in organic matter (0.45%), sandy loam texture with a high salinity (2.42 mS / cm). The study of vegetation based on the method of Braun-Blanquet (1951), where 40 floristic surveys were taken into account. The use of AFC (factorial correspondence analysis) performed by (minitab15) software, allowed us to highlight the different ecological gradients that govern the floristic composition and distribution of these formations dominated by biological type therophyte.
Beneficial Autochthonous Microorganisms (BAMs) are a multi-purpose technology that has already been used in Latin America and Southeast Asia but is still unknown in Africa and particularly Algeria. The aim is to examine the effect of BAMs on agricultural soils and olive fields. The study was carried out in two degraded olive fields located in the Oued Tafna basin west of Tlemcen (The Semi-arid region in Western Algeria). The objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of BAMs on the chemical characteristics of the soils, particularly in terms of organic matter (MO), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total limestone (CaCO3), moisture, organic carbon (C) and olive production and its weight. Statistical analysis (Independent Test) between all groups (treated and controls) showed a significant difference, in conductivity (EC) where we recorded “0.214±0.03μs /cm “ in treated soils vs. “0.198±0.029μs/cm “ in control soils a different statistical significance was recorded for the other parameters, however, it was observed that there is a relative increase in these parameters in the soils of the treated groups such as carbon (C): “2.85±1.06%” organic matter (MO): “4.91± 1.83%”, “pH=7.81±0.225”, “CaCO3 27.76±4.99% and a decrease in humidity “15.11±3.77%” compared to control soils. The results of statistical analyses (Mann-Whitney Test and Suite Test) of olive production showed a clear alternation (every other year) in fruit production in the control group and a positive effect of BAMs on olive production in the treated group, with a slight increase of production (19 kg in 2019 vs. 30 kg in 2020), but without any significant difference regarding the weight of the fruit between the two sessions. However, a highly significant difference “p=0.00<0.001” in fruit weight was noted between the treated groups “3.908g” and “5.70g” and the control ones “4.40g “ and “5.00g” in 2019 and 2020 respectively. The use of MAB is an interesting technique to restore the chemical properties of degraded soils, and increase olive tree production. To achieve more reproducible results (in terms of quantity and quality), sufficient doses of these BAMs and periodicals must be added to provide a good nutritional supplement and reduce farmers’ use of pesticides and mineral fertilizers.
AbsractThis study is devoted to the analysis of psammophile of coastal dunes of the region of Tlemcen. The interpretation by the factor analysis of matches (A. F. C.) has allowed us to individualize classes' phytosociologique different. The colonize psammophile, par excellence, the embryonic dunes. Some species colonize the dunes vivid. Finally, other occupies the dunes the most advanced and laid down. Using the data and phytosociologique phytodynamiques, we were able to understand the evolution of this vegetation, and its diversity.
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