The management of chronic diseases in general and neurological diseases in particular, given their complex nature, requires an increasing involvement of families. For this reason, several studies have attempted to describe the burden and needs of family dementia caregivers of patients with dementia around the world based on the ZaritAA scale. Because of its relevance, it has been translated and validated in many contexts around the world. However, there does not seem to be a valid Moroccan Arabic dialect version suitable for research in the Moroccan socio-cultural environment according to the scientific literature. Objective: Adapt and validate a Moroccan dialect version of Zarit (Zarit-MOR). Method:The Arabic translation of the Zarit scale was obtained. The prefianl version was then revised by a committee of experts, then tested out on a group of 34 participants, befor arriving at the final version. The Reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Results:The adapted version of the Zarit scale was 100% acceptable. The statistical analysis of Cronbach's alpha coefficients shows a high internal correlation of the scale (0.88) among the caregivers, of whom 66.7% were female with a mean age of 47.17 years (SD±14.2 years). The Moroccan version shows a very good reliability with an intraclass correlation coefficient ICC of 0.87 [0.79-0.92]. Conclusion:The adapted version can be used reliably in Morocco, which will make it possible to assess the experiences of Moroccan informal caregivers in the face of dementia, as well as other chronic diseases.

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains a significant health concern in Morocco. Multivariate analysis was not used in any study to evaluate the role of various factors that contributed to the onset of the disease. Objectives: This study investigates the role of family, environmental, and professional factors in PD development. Methods: The present study is an age-matched case-control study with risk estimation based on odds ratios (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). In total, 180 cases were matched with 360 controls. Results: The average age of participants was 68.3 ± 11.2 years. Adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that the family history of PD (ORa = 7.19, CI 95% 3.41 - 15.13), male sex (ORa = 1.92, CI 95% 1.16 - 3.16), spring water consumption (ORa = 3.31, CI 95% 2.05 - 5.34), drug use (ORa = 2.12, CI 95% 1.33 - 3.38), a history of head injury (ORa = 3.38, CI 95% 1.16 - 9.83) and non - consumption of coffee (ORa = 3.04, CI 95%1.56 - 5.90) were significantly associated with the onset of the disease. In a univariate analysis, well water consumption was observed as a significant risk factor but could not be shown to be significant in a multivariate analysis. Previous work on a farm (ORa = 0.30, CI 95% 0.16 - 0.54) and history of general anesthesia (ORa = 0.47, CI 95% 0.27 - 0.83) were inversely associated with PD risk. No statistical significance was observed in the data on occupational exposure and disease risk, although there was a 30% decrease in risk for the service occupations (ORa = 0.05, CI 95% 0.01 - 0.18). Conclusions: As a result, further research is needed to determine additional risk factors.