A. MoukalDiététicien, conseiller en phyto-aromathérapie et en pharmacopée marocaine, 40, rue des Amandiers, Résumé : Nous avons entrepris cette étude sur les multiples usages de l'arganier Argania spinosa L. (skeels), en particulier l'usage thérapeutique et cosmétique de ses différentes parties. Pour ce, nous avons mis au point un questionnaire détaillé pour le recueil des informations concernant l'utilisation des racines, de l'écorce, des feuilles, des fleurs, des pulpes des amandons, de l'huile et du tourteau dans la cosmétique et la thérapie traditionnelle marocaine. L'étude est menée dans les régions rurales du Sud-Ouest marocain, ciblant les tradipraticiens, des herboristes, des femmes ressources et des paysans. La population de l'étude est constituée de personnes âgées de plus de 40 ans ayant gardé des contacts directs ou indirects avec l'arganier. Mots-clés :Argania spinosa, arganier, huile d'argan, SudOuest marocain, phytothérapie. Abstract:We took up this study on the multiple uses of the argan tree Argania spinosa L (skeels), in particular the therapeutic and cosmetic use of its various parts. For this purpose, we developed a set of detailed questions so as to collect information concerning the use of roots, bark, flowers, pulp of green almonds, oil and oil cake in cosmetic and Moroccan traditional therapy. The study is undertaken in the rural areas of South-West Morocco, targeting the tradipraticians, the herbalists, resource women and farmers. The population of the study is made up of people of more than 40 years old and who have kept direct or indirect contact with the argan.
OBJECTIVES: Assessing Vitamin-D status and checking if low serum 25(OH)D is a factor in breast cancer (BC) for Southern Moroccan women. MATERIALS/METHODS: Study conducted in Morocco about women with BC (n = 90) and controls (n = 90). 25-hydroxy-vitamin-D Biological analyzes executed during the first consultation. Social data and anthropometric parameters were collected for all participants. RESULTS: These women constituted 67.78 % for the cases and 85.6% for the controls. The average age was 48.72±9.71 (cases) and 46.40±12.52 (controls). We found that 53.33% of cases and 40% of controls were postmenopausal and that hypovitaminosis-D affected 80 and 64.4% of cases and controls, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that hypovitaminosis-D was a significative risk factor for BC in Southern Moroccan women. The Odds Ratio was of 5 (p < 0.0001). The BC subtypes had Odds Ratios greater than 1. The highest value was obtained with Luminal B subtype (Odds ratio = 6.25; p = 0.0007). CONCLUSION: This study reinforces the evidence implicating hypovitaminosis-D among modifiable risk factors for BC. Further studies are needed to assess the extent of hypovitaminosis-D in Moroccan women with BC.
Background: Although the incidence of breast cancer and the resulting mortality are very high in Morocco, no study has been carried out on the role of the nutritional factors in the development of BC. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional profile of women with BC in southern Morocco Methods: The study was conducted with 91 women with breast cancer. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were used for the assessment of the nutritional profile and the collection of socio-economic data. Biometric measures were carried out in parallel. Results: The results showed that postmenopausal women had a significantly higher mean weight and Body Mass Index than non-menopausal women (p < 0.015). The majority of patients (79%) had energy intakes above recommendations. The proportion of lipids was excessive in 46% of cases. Intakes of saturated fatty acids were high in 14% of patients. But those of unsaturated fatty acids were high in over 50% of patients. About 58 % had a very high intake of fast sugars. Cholesterol input was high in 40% of cases. Vitamins A, E and D were provided in small amounts, respectively in 66%, 45% and 91% of patients. Likewise, intakes were low for water-soluble vitamins, especially Vitamins B9 (62.6%) and B12 (54%). Almost the majority of participants in our study (92%) had very low calcium intakes. Inputs of magnesium, zinc and selenium were insufficient in 43%, 35% and 48% of patients respectively. Conclusion: Obesity, excessive energy and sugar intake, as well as mineral and vitamin deficiencies could explain the high incidence of breast cancer in southern Morocco. A balanced diet would fight against breast cancer.
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