The effect of peat moss and sand each alone and in 8 different mixing ratios (5 part of peatmoss mix with 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 part of sand and 1 part of peatmoss mix with 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 parts of sand) on the survival and growth of Smooth cayenne pineapple plantlets during acclimatization stage were compared. The highest plantlets survival (100 %) obtained in pots filled with sand alone (0 : 1) and mix of 1 part of peat moss and 3 parts of sand (1: 3) while the lowest survival (67 %) obtained on pots filled with 5 parts of peat moss and 3 parts of sand (5: 3). The tallest (120 mm) and heaviest (2.94 g) plantlets, on the other hand, obtained in pots filled with mix of 1 part peat moss and 4 parts sand (1: 4) and equal parts of sand and peat moss (1: 1) respectively while mixing of 5 parts of peat moss with 4 parts of sand (5: 4) resulted in the shortest (103 mm) and lightest plantlets (2.42 g). The difference of 33 % in plantlets survival among the various mixing ratio indicated that proper selection of substrate during acclimatization stage is very crucial for commerciality of any micropropagation system
Seven different hormone treatments, namely 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 2, 3 mg L(-1) was applied singly and in combination with Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) at 0.18, 0.8 and 1.8 mg L(-l), BAP at 3.3 mg L(-l) in combination with IAA at 1.8 and 3.3 mg L(-l) and triple combination of BAP at 2.3, IAA at 1.8 and Gibberellic acid (GA3) at 1.0 mg L(-1) were tested, over four different incubation periods of 30, 45, 60 and 75 days, for their effect in the proliferation and growth of Smooth cayenne pineapple shoot-tip culture. Combined application of BAP at 3.3 and IAA at 1.8 mg L(-1) induced the highest proliferation of 19 shoots/explant and the highest total of 121 and 125 shoots over 4 cycles of multiplication. Raising the IAA to 3.3 mg L(-1) resulted in the lowest proliferation and stunted shoots. Incorporation of GA3 improved the shoot length but caused drastic reduction in proliferation. The other treatments showed an intermediate effect.
Out of eight sterilization treatments made of combinations of Mercuric chloride (HgCl2),Clorox and Ethanol at different concentrations and exposure times, Clorox (25%) for 25minutes was the best treatment resulting in successful sterilization of 56 % of crown tips ofSmooth cayenne pineapple. The sterilized crown tip grew and produced multiple shoots onagar solidified full strength MS medium enriched with 6-benzyleaminopurine (BAP) at fourdifferent concentrations (2.25, 3.25, 4.25 and 5.25 mg l-1), but at different shoot formationrate. After 60 days of incubation, the highest shoot formation (7 shoots / tip) obtained inmedium enriched with BAP at 2.25 mg l-1 followed by BAP at 3.25 mg l-1 (4 shoots). BAP at4.25 and at 5.25 mg l-1 resulted in formation of 3 and 2 shoots per tip. The low percentage ofsuccessfull sterilization of crown tips (56 %) indicated that elimination of microbialccontamination is still a serios problem and main drawback that prevent full investigationand optimization of establishment of crown tips of pineapple. Nevertheless, the fewsuccessfully sterilized crown tip proliferated into shoots good enough to investigate the nextmultiplication stage.
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