Modern portfolio theory is closely linked to the concept of diversification. As a result, the most important decision of investor is to make his allocation asset portfolio more and more efficient. Thus, for a given level of risk, the investor seeks to maximise the expected return and minimise the risk by constructing an optimal portfolio. In this paper, we seek to know how unsupervised learning can be used to define the asset allocation strategy. In this sense, we have carried out a comparative study between a so-called classical portfolio, which is based on the modern portfolio theory (i.e. a portfolio constructed on the basis of numerical optimisation) and a portfolio based on unsupervised learning. The aim of this comparison is to look for the best performing method that can give the best asset allocation. Our findings show that the optimal strategy for an ambitious investor lies to the unsupervised learning algorithms that allow a dynamic analysis of portfolio. However, the optimal strategy for a risk-averse investor is still the numerical optimisation approach.
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