Due to Klein tunneling in graphene only quasi-bound states are realized in graphene quantum dots by electrostatic gating. Particles in the quasi-bound states are trapped inside the dot for a finite time and they keep bouncing back and forth till they find their way out. Here we study the effect of an induced gap on the scattering problem of Dirac electrons on a circular electrostatically confined quantum dot. Introducing an energy gap inside the quantum dot enables us to distinguish three scattering regimes instead of two in the case of gapless graphene quantum dot. We will focus on these regimes and analyze the scattering efficiency as a function of the electron energy, the dot radius and the energy gap. Moreover, we will discuss how the system parameters can affect the scattering resonances inside the dot.

By applying the infinite-mass boundary condition, we analytically calculate the confined states and the corresponding wave functions of AA-stacked bilayer graphene quantum dots in the presence of an uniform magnetic field B. It is found that the energy spectrum shows two set of levels, which are the double copies of the energy spectrum for single layer graphene, shifted up-down by +γ and −γ, respectively. However, the obtained spectrum exhibits different symmetries between the electron and hole states as well as the intervalley symmetries. It is noticed that, the applied magnetic field breaks all symmetries, except one related to the intervalley electron-hole symmetry, i.e. E e (τ, m) = −E h (τ, m). Two different regimes of confinement are found: the first one is due to the infinite-mass barrier at weak B and the second is dominated by the magnetic field as long as B is large. We numerically investigated the basics features of the energy spectrum to show the main similarities and differences with respect to monolayer graphene, AB-stacked bilayer graphene and semiconductor quantum dots.

We obtain the solution of the Dirac equation in (2+1) dimensions in the presence of a constant magnetic field normal to the plane together with a two-dimensional Dirac-oscillator potential coupling. We study the energy spectrum of graphene quantum dot (QD) defined by electrostatic gates. We give discussions of our results based on different physical settings, whether the cyclotron frequency is similar or larger/smaller compared to the oscillator frequency. This defines an effective magnetic field that produces the effective quantized Landau levels. We study analytically such field in gate-tunable graphene QD and show that our structure allow us to control the valley degeneracy. Finally, we compare our results with already published work and also discuss the possible applications of such QD.

We theoretically analyze the energy spectrum of a quantum ring in AA-stacked bilayer graphene with radius R for a zero width subjected to a perpendicular magnetic field B. An analytical approach, using the Dirac equation, is implemented to obtain the energy spectrum by freezing out the carrier radial motion. The obtained spectrum exhibits different symmetries and for a fixed total angular momentum m, it has a hyperbolic dependence of the magnetic field. In particular, the energy spectra are not invariant under the transformation B −→ −B. The application of a potential, on the upper and lower layer, allows to open a gap in the energy spectrum and the application of a non zero magnetic field breaks all symmetries. We also analyze the basics features of the energy spectrum to show the main similarities and differences with respect to ideal quantum ring in monolayer, AB-stacked bilayer graphene and a quantum ring with finite width in AB-stacked bilayer graphene.

We study the energy levels of graphene magnetic circular quantum dot surrounded by an infinite graphene sheet in the presence of an electrostatic potential. We solve Dirac equation to derive the solutions of energy spectrum associated with different regions composing our system. Using the continuum model and applying boundary conditions at the interface, we obtain analytical results for the energy levels. The dependence of the energy levels on the quantum dot radius, magnetic field and electrostatic potential is analyzed for the two valleys K and ¢ K . We show that the energy levels exhibit characteristics of interface states and have an energy gap.