The present work considers the general case of a turbulent plane jet flowing into a rectangular cavity. The study is relevant to a wide range of practical applications including forced convection, renewal of fluid inside a cavity and flowmeters. The experimental study considers the effect of the confinement on the jet characteristics. All the measurements are made using hot wire anemometry and complemented by visualisation of the various observed flow patterns. Numerical modelling has been carried out using two statistical models of the turbulence: the standard k–var epsilon model and a two-scale energy–flux model. The key feature of the multiple scale energy–flux model is the splitting of the turbulence spectrum devised for non-equilibrium turbulence modelling. Three flow regimes are observed depending on the location of the jet exit inside the cavity: oscillatory, transitional and steady. The oscillatory flow characteristics have been analysed from the structural and parametric points of view and the underlying mechanisms are discussed. The one-point closure models proved to be able to reproduce the measured unsteady behaviour of the flow and some improvements are obtained using the multiple scale concept
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