Background: Differentiation of urothelial hyperplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ (CIS) may pose diagnostic difficulties. We aim to evaluate the role of CK20, p53 and p63 in differentiation of such lesions. Methods: we evaluate these markers in 213 cases of bladder lesions (14 hyperplasia, 7 dysplasia, 5 CIS, 25 noninvasive and 162 invasive urothelial carcinoma) in a retrospective study on sections from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks. Cytoplasmic staining considered for CK20 and nuclear staining for p53 and p63. Results: CK20 was expressed in 14 out of 14 hyperplasia (4 strong, 7 moderate, 3 weak), in 7 out of 7 dysplasia (4 strong , 3
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KeywordsUrothelial Lesions, CK20, p53, p63
Background: Liver cirrhosis is an important risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Aim: To evaluate the expression of HSP70, CD34, and Ki 67 in liver cirrhosis and early HCC. Methods: 60 liver biopsies were classified into 3 groups; Group 1(Control; 10 biopsies), Group 2 (Liver Cirrhosis; 25 cases), and Group 3 (HCC; 25 cases). All biopsies were stained by (H&E), Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70), CD34, and Ki67. Results: HSP70 was negative in 10 out of 10 control cases (100%), low expressed (+) in 2 out of 25 cirrhotic cases (8%), and positive in 25 out of 25 HCC cases (100%); low expressed (+) in 5 cases (5 out of 5 well-differentiated HCC) (20%);, intermediate expressed (++) in 13 cases(11 out of 11 moderately differentiated HCC and 2 out of 9 poorly differentiated HCC) (52%), and high expressed (+++) in 7 cases (7 out of 9 poorly differentiated HCC) (28%). CD34 was negative in all control cases, while in cirrhotic cases, it is minimally expressed in 5 cases (20%) and diffuse in 6 cases (24%) and positive in all cases of HCC; focal in one case (4%) and diffuse in 24 cases (96%). KI67 was negative in all control cases, isolated positively in one cirrhotic case (4%) while in HCC, it was negative in 2 cases (8%), isolated positive in 9 cases (36%), focal positive in 10 cases (40%) and diffusely positive in 4 cases (16%). Conclusion; there is a role of HSP70, CD34, and Ki-67 in differentiation between non-neoplastic cirrhotic lesions and early HCC.
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