In this manuscript, the S-parameters, reflection and transmission coefficients, of PTFE at different thicknesses for microwave absorption applications were investigated in conjunction with WR90 T/R rectangular waveguide. Subsequently, the reflection and absorption shielding effectiveness SER and SEA values were calculated using the measured S-parameters values, in which an inversely proportional relation was found. Furthermore, using Nicholson-Rose-Weir (NRW) and Finite Element Method (FEM) approaches, the measured S-parameters were validated. Herein, the mean relative errors were calculated; in particular, it was found that the FEM delivers an upright agreement with the measured data in comparison to the utilized NRW. This suggests the usefulness of the FEM approach as a low-cost alternative for the actual laboratory investigation.
The Maxwell’s equations are a basic formulation using for solve propagation equations within a waveguide. In this research, the wave propagation inside the waveguide was studied and some basic parameters of wave propagation were measured through MATLAB 2013. Silicon with a refractive index 3.46 was chosen to study this propagation and the use of core and cladding with a lower refractive index 2.46 and some parameters were extracted for the waveguide including propagation constant, cutoff wavenumber, cutoff frequency, cutoff thickness and normalized parameter. These parameters are studied at the wavelength 0.6 μm for transvers electric TE and transvers magnetic TM we changed the core thickness at wavelength constant and found that the number of modes increases as the increase of core thickness and the waveform is thinner in TM than it is in TE. We note from the measurements that the value of cutoff frequency and cutoff thickness are equal in the two types TE and TM. Moreover, when two modes (m=0, 1) and core thickness 0.24 μm the value of propagation constant in TE is equal (34.8901, 30.7737) while in TM (30.6440, 26.1967) respectively, we find that the values in TE are greater than TM. Also, the results obtained from Finite Difference Method were compared with the method used (Maxwell’s equation through wave equation solutions). This work represents a short pathway for the theoretical analysis concerning the electromagnetic waves propagating through Si planar waveguide with both modes (TE and TM) considered.
Studying the effect of X-ray emitted from the CT scanner devices on blood samples taken from a eleven persons between the ages of 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, and 40-60 years. The measurements were many of parameters of blood such as “WBC” White blood cell, “RBC” red blood cell, and “PLT” platelet count. It was noted that the parameters of blood properties that are exposed to X-rays are affected every time in a simple and within the normal range.
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