The genus Salvia (Lamiaceae) grows in the temperate and warmer zones of the world. Fifty-eight species are found in Iran, among which 17 are endemic [1]. Salvia multicaulis is an evergreen shrub growing to 0.3m × 0.25 m, native to South-West Asia, particular Eastern, Central, and Southern Turkey. Some species of genus Salvia are used as medicinal, aromatic, and ornamental plants. Salvia officinalis (sage) is one of the most widespread species and is used as a spice, condiment, and medicine [2,3]. The essential oils of some Salvia species have been formulated into different products such as bactericides or fungicides [4]. Recently, many investigations have been reported on the essential oils and biological activity of Salvia species [5][6][7][8].In this work, hydrodistilled essential oils from crushed dry flowers, stems, and roots of Salvia multicaulis Vahl. (Lamiaceae) from Semnan province (Iran) were studied by GC and GC/MS [9]. The air-dried flowers, stems, and roots of the plant yielded 0.38, 0.29, and 0.18% (w/w) yellowish colored oil, respectively. The percentage composition of the flower, stem, and root oil of S. multicaulis is given in Table 1.Twenty-one constituents (94.28%) were identified in flower oil: seven monoterpene hydrocarbons (33.73%), five oxygenated monoterpenes (47.79%), eight sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (12.54%), and one oxygenated sesquiterpene (0.22%). 1,8-Cineol was the most abundant constituent (25.27%), followed by α-pinene (18.32%), camphor (12.40%), camphene (8.45%), and bornyl acetate (7.89%).Eight constituents (98.05%) were identified in stem oil: three monoterpene hydrocarbons (36.9%) and five oxygenated monoterpenes (61.15%). In this oil we could not find any trace of sesquiterpenes. It was characterized by a higher amount of 1,8-cineol (24.83%), camphor (24.20%), α-pinene (20.91%), and camphene (13.03%).Nine compounds (95.37%) were identified in root oil: two monoterpene hydrocarbons (10.96%), four oxygenated monoterpenes (75.43%), two sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (5.56%), and one oxygenated sesquiterpene (3.66%). It was characterized by the presence of higher amounts of borneol (48.75%), followed by camphor (17.17%), 1,8-cineol (7.96%), and α-pinene (6.59%). In this oil oxygenated monoterpenes predominated over monoterpene hydrocarbons and sesquiterpenes.According to the above-mentioned information, the flower and root oils were characterized by large amounts of monoterpenes (81.52 and 86.39%, respectively) while the constituents of stem oil were only monoterpenes (98.05%).A comparison of the chemical composition of Salvia multicaulis with previous published reports reveals that bornyl acetate (18.1%), β-caryophyllene (16.5%), and α-pinene (15.6%) were the major constituents of the flowering shoots [10], while the main constituents of the oil from leaves and flowers [11] were α-pinene (26.0%), 1,8-cineol + limonene (20.0%), and camphor (19.0%); on the other hand, the main components of the oil from aerial parts [12] were α-copaene (8.0%), α-pinene (6.6%), myrtenol (5.7%), and sabin...