This work includes a synthesis of three types of the activated carbon (AC) from three different positions from the same Iraqi Khestawy date palm. These three positions are the palm fronds (AC1), the date palm seeds (AC2), and the palm fiber (AC3). These three types of AC were synthesized by a physiochemical activation method using the same activator which was H3PO4. These materials were investigated using different techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorption activity of the synthesized AC samples was investigated by following the removal of both Bismarck brown G (BBG) and reactive yellow dye 145 (RY145). Both the kinetics of adsorption and the removal percentage of these dyes were investigated from the batch tests in this study. Different reaction parameters and conditions for adsorption processes were investigated. Also an investigation of both Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms was considered. The different physical properties of these materials were undertaken such as the point zero charges of the synthesized samples (PZCs), the percentage of humidity, and the adsorption capacity also being investigated. The activity of these materials in the removal of BBG from the aqueous solution was as follows:AC1>AC2>AC3.

The supported co-catalyst (Co, Ni) 3 O 4 /Al 2 O 3 was prepared via using a co-precipitation method. Three sets of these materials were prepared by calcination at three different temperatures 500, 600, and 700 o C. Crystal structure of the prepared materials was investigated using powder X-rays diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Atomic force microscope (AFM), and specifi c surface area (BET). The activity of the prepared catalysts was investigated by following both of photocatalytic and adsorption removal of Reactive yellow 145 dye (RY 145) from simulated industrial wastewaters. In this study, different reaction conditions were performed such as effect of pH of the reaction mixture, mass dosage of the used catalyst, and effect of temperature. In addition to that adsorption isotherms and reaction kinetics were investigated. Also the activity of these catalysts were investigated after cyclization of the used catalysts.

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The current work involves modification of zinc oxide by doping silver, this was achieved by photodeposition method. Modified zinc oxide was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both of ZnO and Ag doped ZnO was fabricated on a cotton texture. The photocatalytic activity of these materials was investigated by following the decolorization of congo red from simulated industrial wastewater. The decolorization of congo red over fabricated-ZnO-Ag was more efficient in comparison with non- fabricated catalysts. Different reaction parameters were undertaken including the effect of pH of the solution, irradiation time and the effect of light intensity. Complete dye removal over fabricated materials took three hours while it took 4.5 for non-fabricated materials.

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