In this work, we have developed a simple method to prepare cationic chitosan hydrogel with interconnected porous structure using freeze-thaw process and the obtained hydrogel was named FCS hydrogel. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging revealed that the synthesized hydrogel demonstrated interconnected porous structure in the range of 5-20 µm. We also showed that the FCS hydrogel exhibits pH responsiveness behavior, and demonstrated reversible swelling and de-swelling behaviors maintaining their mechanical stability. We demonstrate that the FCS hydrogel swelling capacity decreased at alkaline pH and increased with a decrease in the pH value. Besides, the FCS hydrogel presented speci c surface area of 78.25 ±8.75 m 2 g −1 , due to the cryogenic treatment of glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan hydrogel could increase the surface area and permeability of composite hydrogel and then strongly increasing the adsorption capacity. Subsequently, the FCS monolithic hydrogel tested dyes removal, which provides a high removal e ciency towards anionic dyes including congo red (CR) and sodium uorescein (SFL) dyes. Signi cantly, we show that the FCS hydrogel could be regenerated and reused as an adsorbent for wastewater treatment without signi cant loss of pollutants removal e ciency over a number of adsorption and washing cycles. This study offers a promising environmental friendly and sustainable interconnected porous hydrogel for anionic dye removal from wastewater.
The present work describes preparation of composites of iron metalized copper oxide nanoparticles (Fe/CuONPs) using co-precipitation method. Then new composites were prepared by combination of Fe/CuONPs with each of nitrogen and activated carbons(ACs). Activated carbons was both natural (AC1) and physically activated AC (AC2). This yielding tertiary systems N/Fe/CuONPs, AC1/Fe/CuONPs, and AC2/Fe/CuONPs. These prepared materials were investigated using different techniques and analytical methods such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X- rays diffraction (XRD) technique, BET specific surface area, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), and CHN microelemental analysis. The adsorption ability of these materials was investigated via following removal of Bismarck Brown G dye (BBG) from simulated industrial wastewaters over a suspension of these prepared materials. Different adsorption parameters and conditions were investigated such as effect of weight of adsorbent, effect of adsorption temperatures, and effect of pH of the dye solution. Besides that, adsorption isotherms were undertaken involving applying each of Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms was undertaken. From the obtained results it was found that, the optimum removal efficiency for this dye was noted when using AC2/Fe/CuONPs as adsorbent under these conditions. Also from adsorption isotherms, it was found that, the results were more fitted with Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
The ternary NiO-CoO-MgO catalyst in three ratios 20:20:60, 25:25:50, and 30:30:40 for these component oxides respectively, were synthesized by co-precipitation method of their carbonates by addition of a precipitate agent in basic media, and then calcinated these carbonate to obtain of mixed oxides. The prepared catalysts were characterized by using Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Fourier Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Atomic Force Microscopy techniques (AFM) were used for identification of the prepared catalysts. The result showed that the particle size of these catalyst ratios, were in the nano range and the smallest size was 25:25:50. The investigation of catalytic activity of prepared catalysts was done by photo decolorization of Celestine blue B dye from simulated industrial wastewaters in aqueous solution. The decolorization efficiency of dye reached 99.9% after irradiation time for 1 h. Study the effect of different reaction conditions such as the pH of the medium, the weight of semiconductor and temperature of mixture reaction were shown that the maximum degradation was observed in conditions at pH = 4, catalyst dosage = 0.08 g, and temperature = 303 K.
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