This study examined how 2 different ways of being mentally engaged with work-related issues during evenings (affective rumination and problem-solving pondering) cause changes in psychological well-being over a 1-year period. We conducted a 3-wave longitudinal study with a time lag of 6 months between each wave. At the first measurement moment, participants filled out a survey over 5 consecutive working days assessing work-related affective rumination and problem-solving pondering during evenings. Exhaustion and health complaints were assessed at the first measurement moment as well as after 6 and 12 months. The 3 waves of data obtained from a total of 123 participants with full-time and primarily mentally demanding jobs were analyzed using latent growth curve modeling (LGM). The results showed that affective rumination is a significant predictor of increase in exhaustion over time. Problem-solving pondering was not found to be a significant predictor of change in psychological well-being over time. These findings demonstrate that work-related rumination during evenings may lead to health problems over time depending on the type of rumination. It suggests that unlike affective rumination, problem-solving pondering during evenings has no influence on psychological well-being over time. (PsycINFO Database Record

This study examined, using a within-person design, how fluctuations in work-related affective rumination and problem-solving pondering are related to recovery and well-being (N = 171; 677 day-level data points over five consecutive work days). We hypothesized that trait self-regulation moderates the relationship between problem-solving during the evening and the state of being recovered at bedtime. We analyzed our data using a moderated multilevel mediation approach. The results showed that affective rumination during the evening was indirectly related to impaired well-being in the subsequent morning through its negative relationship with the state of being recovered at bedtime. Problemsolving was indirectly related to well-being in the subsequent morning through its relationship with the state of being recovered at bedtime. However, this indirect effect was moderated by trait self-regulation in a way that problem-solving pondering was positively related to the state of being recovered, and consequently, to improved well-being for employees higher in self-regulation, whereas it was negatively related to the state of being recovered, and consequently, to impaired well-being for those lower in self-regulation. These findings suggest that problem-solving pondering may be beneficial or unfavorable for recovery and well-being depending on the degree to which employees can regulate their cognitions and feelings.

No abstract

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in industrial countries and the third one in developing countries. The aim of this study was determined the stages of change of mammography screening behavior among women. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 women aged 30 to 60 years old referred to health centers in Kermanshah County, the west of Iran, during 2016, who were randomly selected to participate in the study. Data collected by standard questioner and were analyzed by SPSS version 21. The mean age of respondents was 39.61 years [SD: 8.28]. Our findings indicated, nearly 59% (236/400), 27.3% (109/400), 2.5% (10/400), 9.3% (37/400), and 1.8% (7/400) of the respondents reported that pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance, respectively. Our results showed most of the women were in pre-contemplation and contemplation stages regarding doing mammography. These results can be highly useful to the researchers in designing effective interventional plans for achieving the intended objectives.