The aim of this study was to compare anatomical and histological of the kidney in three type of birds. The study revealed that, in harrier species the cranial lobe of kidney was the largest with elongated shape. In mallard the cranial lobe was small round-oval, while middle and caudal lobe were lobulated and larger .In chicken the caudal lobe was the largest. Statistically, in harrier the mean length of cranial lobe (20±0.1mm) and the width of the middle lobe (5±0.5mm) were significantly higher than those of mallard (10±0.3mm) (8.0.2mm) and chicken (15±0.2mm) (4±0.4mm) respectively. The mean weight of the kidney in harrier is (5.8±0.20g) this value significantly was higher than those of mallared (8.9±0.11g) and chicken (6.8±0.10g) in compare to the total body weight. Histologically, in harrier species the kidney had larger cortical region and the nephron types were numerous of mammalian type in medulla and few of reptilian type was presented in sub-capsular region. In mallard species the renal lobule was relatively divided into two equal cortical and medullary regions and the nephrons showed two types, numerous of mammalian and reptilian types presented in medulla and intermediate zone of kidney. In chickens the cortical region was the larger compared to medullary region which contained numerous mammalian types and few of reptilian type.
Background: vomernasal organ is an auxiliary olfactory organ which located at the base of nasal septum composed of olfactory epithelium and being enclosed by cartilaginous capsule. The current study was aimed to investigate the histological structure of vomernasal organ in new born lamb.Methods: six heads of new born lamb were used for this study. The nasal cavity including the hard palate was sward up into four transvers sections. The sections were processed with paraffin embedding technique and tissue sections were stained with H&E stain. Conclusions:The rostral and middle portions of vomeronasals duct had medial and lateral walls with crescent shape lumen and enclosed completely by hyaline cartilage. The medial wall was lined with still diffentiating neuro-epithelium, possessed many of intra epithelial capillaries and composed of supporting, bipolar neuron & basal cells. The lateral wall was lined with differentiating respiratory epithelium. The lamina propriasubmucosa beneath both neuro and respiratory epithelia composed of ruminant of embryonic mesenchymal tissue contained newly formed glands, blood vessels and nerves. A significant (p<0.05) difference was recoded between the diameters of the rostral, middle portions and caudal portion of both gender and there were no differences between genders. The epithelial height of the neuro epithelia of the middle portion in both gender had significant value (p<0.05) in compare with epithelia of other portions.
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