Image segmentation is an essential but critical component in low level vision image analysis, pattern recognition, and in robotic systems. It is one of the most difficult and challenging tasks in image processing which determines the quality of the final result of the image analysis. Image segmentation is the process of dividing an image into different regions such that each region is homogeneous. A precise segmentation of medical image is an important stage in contouring throughout radiotherapy preparation. Medical images are mostly used as radiographic techniques in diagnosis, clinical studies and treatment planning. This review paper defines the limitation and strength of each methods currently existing for the segmentation of medical images.
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