A photoluminescence (PL)-based oxygen and glucose sensor utilizing inorganic or organic light emitting diode as the light source, and polythiophene: fullerene type bulk-heterojunction devices as photodetectors, for both intensity and decay-time based monitoring of the sensing element's PL. The sensing element is based on the oxygen-sensitive dye Pt-octaethylporphyrin embedded in a polystyrene matrix.

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providing funding, being a mentor, and being forgiving. I thank Dr. Pandey for teaching me about semiconductor physics and devices and for being on my committee. I also thank Dr.Neihart for being on my committee on such short notice. I thank Dr. Dalal for providing equipment, providing funding for my education through Iowa Power Fund, and for teaching me about semiconductor devices and physics. I thank Dr. Tuttle for providing references for me that have changed my life in positive ways. I thank Dr. Joe Shinar and Dr. Ruth Shinar for sharing research equipment and collaborating with me on my research studies I thank Max Noack for teaching me practical issues concerning scientific research, for fixing broken equipment, and for being always kind. I thank