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Gene regulation using RNA interference (RNAi) therapy has been developed as one of the frontiers in cancer treatment. The ability to tailor the expression of genes by delivering synthetic oligonucleotides to tumor cells has transformed the way scientists think about treating cancer. However, its clinical application has been limited due to the need to deliver synthetic RNAi oligonucleotides efficiently and effectively to target cells. Advances in nanotechnology and biomaterials have begun to address the limitations to RNAi therapeutic delivery, increasing the likelihood of RNAi therapeutics for cancer treatment in clinical settings. Herein, innovations in the design of nanocarriers for the delivery of oligonucleotides for successful RNAi therapy are discussed.

Autoimmune diseases are a group of debilitating illnesses that are often idiopathic in nature. The steady rise in the prevalence of these conditions warrants new approaches for diagnosis and treatment. Stimuli‐responsive biomaterials also known as “smart,” “intelligent,” or “recognitive” biomaterials are widely studied for their applications in drug delivery, biosensing, and tissue engineering due to their ability to produce thermal, optical, chemical, or structural changes upon interacting with the biological environment. Studies within the last decade that harness the recognitive capabilities of these biomaterials toward the development of novel detection and treatment options for autoimmune diseases are critically analyzed.