Background:The anatomy of the sella turcica is variable in size and shape. It has been classified into three types: round, oval and flat. It can also be deep or shallow in both children and adults. The floor of the sella turcica which in most cases is concave may be, flat or even convex. In both anatomical and radiological practice in Nigeria, normal data in relation to the description of the normal variants of the anatomical shapes of the sella turcica are based on Caucasian studies. Methods: All available lateral skull radiographs of subjects over a 3-year period, from 2002 to 2004, were retrieved from the Radiology Department of the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto for the study. Radiographs were mounted on the viewing boxes and sellae turcicae were studied and classified. Results: A total of 228 subjects were involved in this study. Of this figure, 171 (75%) were males, and 57 (25%) were females (m: f ratio = 3:1). The predominant shape of sella in the African subjects studied is oval, and the difference in frequency of oval shaped sella and that of round or flat types is highly statistically significant. (P<.001).The commonest type of sella floor in the African subjects studied is concave and the difference in frequency of concave shaped sella floor and that of flat and convex types is highly statistically significant.(P<.001). In both the various anatomical shapes of the sella turcica and the types of floor of the sella turcica in relation to sex of the subjects studied, the difference in frequency of males and females is highly statistically significant. (P<.001). Conclusion: It is concluded that the prevalence and the relative frequencies of the normal variants of the anatomical shapes of the sella turcica reported in this study on Nigerian subjects is similar to those reported in Caucasians. Further studies on a larger scale are needed to corroborate our findings. Key words: Description, normal variants, anatomical shapes, sella turcica RésuméArrière Plan: L'anatomie de sella turcica varie selon la forme et la plat. Elle peut aussi être profonol ou plat, aussi chez les enfants que chez les adults. Le planche de sella turcica, qui est généralement concave peut être convexe, ou plat de forme. Bien en anatomie et en radiologie practiques au Nigéria. Les données relatives à la description des variants normales de formes anatomiques de sella turcica sont basées sur des études caucasiennes. Page | 78Méthodes: Toutes les radiographes laterales du été collectées du departement de 3 ans (2002 a 2004) ont été collectées du departement de Radiologie de centre uiversitaire hospitalier de université Usmanu Danfodiyo pour cette étude. Les radiographes ont été montées sur les boîtes de visualization et sella turcica ont étés étudiées et classifiées. Resultats: Un total de 228 sujets ont été impliqués dans cette étude. De ce total, 171 (75%) étaient males, et 57 (25%) étaient femelles (m: f ratio = 3:1). La forme predominante de sella turcica pour les sujets africains étudiés est ovale,...
Background:The advent of molecular techniques has revolutionized the ability of scientists to estimate the sex of individuals. Forensic odontology plays an important role in establishing the sex of victims with bodies mutilated beyond recognition due to major disaster. The genetic difference between males and females is defined by the presence or absence of the Y-chromosome. The use of alphoid-repeat primers in sex estimation was first applied on dried blood. Generally, the X, Y alphoid repeats blind test attest to the accuracy of genetic testing, and also point the potential for occasional error in morphometric sexing.Aim:To estimate genetic sex of dry human teeth specimens from Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Materials and Methods:A single-blind study of DNA analysis for sex estimation of nine dry human teeth specimens from Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria, through PCR, using alphoid repeats primers, was undertaken.Results:The genetic sex of each group of the teeth samples were accurately (100%) identified. For each group of teeth, PCR Sensitivity = 100%, Specificity = 0%, Predictive value of positive test = 100%, Predictive value of negative test = 0%, False positive rate = 0%, False negative rate = 0%, Efficiency of test = 100%. Fisher's exact probability test P = 1. Z-test: z- and P values were invalid.Conclusion:This study has demonstrated the successful use of alphoid-repeat primers in genetic sex identification of human dry teeth samples from Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria. This is the first known study estimating the sex of human dry teeth specimens by means of PCR in Nigeria. There is need for further studies in Nigeria to complement the findings of this study.
Background: The advent of molecular techniques has revolutionized the ability of scientists to determine the sex of individuals. The genetic difference between males and females is defined by the presence or absence of the Y-chromosome. The only repetitive DNA family likely to exhibit the properties of significant chromosome specificity is the alphoid (alpha) satellite family located in pericentromeric regions of all human chromosomes. Materials and Methods: A review composed via Medline Internet search of literature and contributions from our experiences as well as experiences of colleagues. The literature search for review was based on the aim and objectives of the original research work I conducted for my Ph.D thesis. The terms used to hook on internet include “alphoid repeats in sex identification from human bones and teeth”, “sex identification from burnt bones and teeth specimens using alphoid repeats primers”. Results: The use of alphoid repeat primers in sex determination from human skeletal fragments and teeth specimens gives accurate result. Conclusion: Alphoid repeats is efficient and reliable in sex determination from human skeletal fragments and teeth specimens. Hence, sex identification with alphoid repeats, of subjects for forensic purposes can be obtained with little or no involvement of morphological approach. However, a large sample size coming from different sources may need to be considered to test the reliability and efficiency of these primers so that success rate in sex determination using these primers may be optimised.
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