The study was conducted between September 2012 and May 2013, to determine the frequency of hepatitis B virus carriage among apparently healthy individuals of different blood groups and haemoglobin genotypes. Nine hundred and eighty (980) students and staff comprising of males and females, aged 15-39 years, participated in the study. Five millilitres of blood sample was collected, 3 ml of which was put in a plain container for hepatitis B screening, while 2 ml was put into anti-coagulated container for blood group and haemoglobin electrophoresis. Using hepatitis B immunoassay strip (Global source, Shenyang LTH Tech, China), hepatitis status of each subject was determined; blood group was determined using tube agglutination method, while haemoglobin genotype was determined by electrophoresis method. The overall sero-prevalence recorded in this study was 6.94%. Assessing the infection rate with respect to age and blood group, 15-19 year bracket has the highest rate 18(1.86%) and it was recorded among blood group individuals. Statistical analysis by Chi Square showed no significant difference in the rate of hepatitis B carriage with respect to ABO blood grouping system (X 2 = 0.3412, P> 0.05). The distribution of viral carriage rate among the Rhesus D positive individuals was statistically higher than the rate in Rhesus D negative subjects (X 2 = 4.321, P < 0.05). Higher frequency of the carriage was also recorded among the females 37(3.78%) than the males 31(3.16%). While Hb-AA individuals had the highest rate of 50(5.10%) of carriage, there was no case of infection among individuals with Hb-SS, Hb-SC and Hb-CC. Statistically, Chi Square test showed no significant difference in the rate of hepatitis B infection in relation to haemoglobin genotype (X 2 = 1.201, P> 0.05). In conclusion, individuals with pathological genotypes (Hb-SS, Hb-SC, and Hb-CC) were hepatitis B sero-negative. Also, the study recorded a significant link between hepatitis B and Rhesus D blood group system. Further investigation is recommended using more sensitive techniques to corroborate the present findings.
Introduction: The introduction of P. falciparum encoded HRP-2 based malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) kits is widely accepted in Nigeria and worldwide as a simplified form of diagnosis and a cheaper alternative to the microscopy technique (gold standard). However, deletion of Pfhrp2 gene contributes to false negative results and large number of such deletions has been reported in advanced countries thereby highlighting the importance of surveillance to detect such deletions in our local environment. Methodology: Microscopy as well as RDT techniques (using Rapid malaria test kit: SD BIOLINE Malaria Ag P.f/Pv, South Korea) were carried out on the blood samples of three hundred and twenty-three (323) febrile subjects attending Ladoke Akintola University Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State Nigeria. PCR analysis was also conducted on 50 blood samples that were positive for microscopy but negative for RDT. Results: The results from the study revealed that microscopy had a sensitivity of 99% and specificity of 99.2%. The RDT however had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 60.1%. Fifty (50) samples that were positive for microscopy but negative for RDT were subjected to further PCR examination to detect the possible deletion of the Pfhrp-2 gene and the result revealed that the gene was present in 39 (78%) of the blood samples while remaining 11 (22%) samples lacked the gene which could possibly be the reason for the negative results obtained using the RDT kits. Conclusion: This study provides evidence of low level of presence of Pfhrp-2 gene deletion of Plasmodium falciparum parasites in our healthcare facility setting in Osogbo, Nigeria.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.