Fluid - Structure Interaction (FSI) and Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) are mostly considered in the non-linear analysis of water-soil-barrage floor interaction. A three dimensional (3D) - section of a barrage is selected and modelled via ANSY 15.0. The ogge barrage floor shape has been taken as a case study of analysis. The non-linear analysis of the structure model is developed through selecting suitable available elements in ANSYS which are related to the case under study and is compared with linear analysis. The results of the analysis are obtained by suggesting different characteristics of concrete, soil, and rock materials as a parametric study. Both closed barrage and in operation are the cases have been considered in analysis. It is concluded from this study that ANSYS/APDL is adequate tool to simulate and analysis the problem that need sufficient experiences to select suitable available elements to get the acceptable results. It is also concluded that the deformation in barrage floor has little difference by (6%) in linear and non-linear analysis in case of no operation. While this deformation in non-linear analysis with operation condition is less by (13%) than of no operation case. The non-linear deformation of barrage floor is more effective by change of density of barrage concrete itself, modulus of elasticity and yield stress of both soil and rock foundation materials, while no sensitive effect of change of Poisson’s ratio on the deformation. The maximum seepage flow at exit point downstream barrage floor with upstream and downstream piles is lesser by (67.40%) than without pile. In the view of stability, it is concluded that the barrage floor is already safe in exist gradient and piping problems with or without piles.
The research deals with the sustainable development of water resources. It considers with the possibility to benefit from condensate water harvesting from split units for domestic and irrigation purposes in residential complex of Al–Mussiab Technical Institute and College located in the Babylon Government of Iraq, which is selected as a case study. Ten samples of the water are collected in the scaled containers distributed in selected houses and apartments during six months of test in summer and winter seasons. The required physical and chemical parameters of water quality that is suitable for domestic and irrigation purposes requirements are tested. The results of the tests showed that the physical parameters are within Iraqi Standards while only Sulfates for heating condensate water are out of Iraqi Standards of chemical parameters. The results are also showed that the condensate water from cooling is soft in terms of suitability for washing clothes; while the condensate water from heating spilt units is very hard and the soap does not soak in the water; but they could be used to wash the floors and toilet as well as in the air coolers because there is no salt in them. On the other hand, the results demonstrate the validity of condensate water for drinking animals; especially the Poultry. The amount of condensate water harvesting from the split units that is collected from the residential complex forms 11% from the total consumption of water and this quantity of water could be added to the available water in the residential complex. It is concluded from the research, the condensate water from the cooling spilt units is within the limits, while the heating water exceeded the specified specifications for irrigation water and household water pumps. The research recommends to consider the placement of pipes and reservoirs for condensation water when designing residential complex, and to conduct studies about the effect of reusing the condensate water in agriculture on soil.
The sustainability of water resources is the goal of the present research. Samples of wastewater after treatment are collected from the Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPS) located in the Middle Euphrates provinces of Iraq (Najaf, Karbala, Diwaniya, and Babylon); as a case study. The physical, chemical, and heavy metals parameters tests of these samples will be carried out throughout the year and during the four seasons (Spring, Summer, Autumn, and Winter). The results showed that the minimum average exceeded the standards for EC, TDS, and TSS concentrations of all seasons are 7.74%, 0.77%, and 52.5%; respectively; while for COD, BOD, SO42-, and NH4 are 43.48%, 172.72%, 44.09%, and 92.02%; respectively. The other concentration of parameters is within standards and give the ability to irrigate potentially eaten fresh vegetables and fruits within two weeks of irrigation, cooked vegetables and fruits if not done water it within two weeks of harvesting it; such as Fodder, Crops, Grains, parks and civic roadsides, and sports stadiums, Fruit trees, Sides of external roads, Green landscapes, Cereals and Forage Crops, Industrial crops and Forest Trees. A SWOT analysis is conducted to assess the ability to use this treated wastewater for irrigation purposes as an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). It is concluded that the ability to use this treated wastewater for irrigation some kinds of plants on different seasons. Also; it is concluded that some units of WWTPs need to rehabilitate and treat the parameters that out-off standards to be suitable to irrigate other kinds of plants.
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