A field study was conducted to investigate the thermal environment and occupants’ comfort in the National Museum of Malaysia. The occupants’ thermal perceptions in the museum were measured and characterised. The response of the occupants has indicated that the thermal conditions inside the museum did not satisfactorily fulfil the ASHRAE Standard 55, because only 78% of the occupants were satisfied with their environment. Besides, actual mean vote (AMV) and predicted mean vote (PMV) were compared. The Fanger’s model gave a neutral operative temperature of 22.2°C from the PMV, whereas the questionnaire data used in the mean thermal sensation vote (MTSV) of the present study gave a higher value (22.5°C) for the neutral operative temperature. The preferred operative temperature was found to be 22.3°C. The minimum air temperature in three galleries was below the lower limit of the temperature range of 18–22°C as recommended by Museums Australia Victoria. The mean indoor humidity was too high compared to the optimal range of 55 ± 5% relative humidity (RH). The mean air velocity, ≤0.15 m·s−1, in each gallery was satisfactory. Findings of this study are very useful for designing heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems with energy-saving methodology for museum buildings in tropical regions.
Abstract:-The present study aims to investigate by experiment the heat transfer characteristics of a mild steel plate by using three different shapes of Wall Jet, namely, Circular Jet, Elliptical Jet and Rectangular (Plane) Jet. It is found that Nusselt Number (Nu) increases up to Reynolds Number (Re) 14000and its rate of increasing is in the order of Circular>Elliptical>Rectangular. While Re>14000, rate of increasingNu becomes in the order of Elliptical>Circular>Rectangular.Pressure Co-efficient (C p ) decreaseslogarithmically for any value of Re.It is observed that for a fixed value of span-wise distance like 10.67cm,C p for Circular, Elliptical and Rectangular Wall Jetsare consecutively 0.074278, 0.02678 and 0.018569.If C p decreases rapidly, heat transfer rate will decreases rapidly. Hence,cooling rate for Wall Jet flow follows the prescribed order ofCircular>Elliptical>Rectangular at low Re and Elliptical> Circular> Rectangular at high Re.
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