The survival of Haemonchus contortus infective larvae on pasture and soil was studied over a period of 12 months in the Baghdad area. Infective larvae were found on herbage and soil at all times except in the summer months. During autumn and winter infective larvae in pasture survived for periods of up to 32 weeks. Little larval migration into soil was observed during this study and larvae did not survive for long in the faecal pellets during the summer.
The current study determined the prevalence of Toxoplasmosis among the free Range Chicken , Industrial Chicken and Duck by using LAT and ELISA .A total of 200 FR Chicken purchased (70 Al-qadisyia province, 65Al-najaf province, and 65 Babylon province), 200 Industrial Chicken purchased from ten Industrial farms in geographical different region of Al-Diwania city and 50 Duck purchased(rural area and bird sale places of Al-Diwania city) were involved in this study , one hundred thirty four (67%) of FR Chicken , Sixty two (31%) of Industrial chicken and twenty eight (56%) of Duck, were diagnosed primarily as Toxoplasmosis by LAT.Out of 90 ( 45 FR Chicken and 45 Industrial Chicken ) of LAT positive cases, only 36% were positive by ELISA which considered as confirmed Toxoplasmosis cases .Results revealed ,that 51.11% and 28.88% of FR chicken and Industrial chicken positive by ELISA respectively.The percentage of T. gondii antibodies in FR chickenby LAT were 71.42%,69.23% and 55.38% in Al-Qadissiya, Babylon and in Al-najaf provinces respectively whereas the percentage by ELISA were 66.66% , 46.66% and 33.33% in Al-Qadisiya, Babylon and in Al-najaf respectively.Although the difference observed in the percentage of T. gondii antibodies among different provinces, there was no significant differences P < 0.05detected by LAT whereas in the ELISA there was significant differences P<0.05.The highest titer in LAT were 1/128 (34.32%) in FR chicken, 1/8 (29.3%) in the Industrial chicken and 1/32(35.7 %) in the Duck, The lowest titer were 1/2 (5.22%) in FR chicken , 1/128 (0%) in the Industrial chicken and 1/4(0%) in the Duck.
From March to November 2004 a total of 634 stool samples from the children coming to thehospitals, cure centers and randomly from the children of kindergarten and primary schools. Generalstool examination and precipitation methods were performed on each specimen, the infection rate ofHymenolpes nana 1.8% among children for both Gender(male and female) for different ages that hadbeen recorded the highest rate for (4- 6)year is 2.94% and the lowest rate for (9-12)year is 1.4%.Seasonal variation were discussed, that August was recorded the highest rate 5.8%.
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