Degenerative joint disease (DJD), a common osteoarthritic problem encountered in clinical practice presents as a chronic debilitating disease resulting in altered joint structure due to degradation and loss of articular cartilage, along with changes in the subchondral bone and other soft tissues. DJD is a frequent finding in the Temporomandibular joints (TMJs). Consequently, a good understanding of the use of a diagnostic algorithm will lead to a better control of DJD in the TMJ. The etiopathogenesis of osteoarthritis is complex, and it is associated with multiple risk factors. The condition progresses slowly through different phases with periods of remission and activity finally reaching the burnout phase. Conservative management forms the cornerstone for the treatment of most of these cases. This review attempts to acquaint the dentist with the diagnosis, pathogenesis and general characteristics of the disease while highlighting and updating them with the current conservative treatment algorithms in order to assist in the formulation of a treatment plan for these patients.

Patients with orocutaneous fistulas suffer from discomfort in terms of facial esthetics, food spill over and lack of psychological confidence to present them socially. Prosthetic camouflaging of facial defects and use of silicone maxillofacial material are the alternatives to the surgical retreatment. Silicone elastomers provide more options to clinician for customization of the facial prosthesis which is simple, esthetically good when coupled with bio magnets for retention.

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Objectives The study aims to examine whether a higher proportion of current and former smokers reported having an oral cancer screening (OCS) exam in the past year compared with never smokers in Maryland between 2002 and 2008. Methods Secondary analysis of the Maryland Cancer Surveys (conducted in 2002, 2004, 2006, and 2008), population-based, random-digit-dial surveys on cancer screening among adults age 40 years and older. Of 20,197 individuals who responded to the surveys, 19,054 answered questions on OCS and smoking. Results are weighted to the Maryland population. Results Self-reported OCS in the past year increased from 33 percent in 2002 to 40 percent in 2008. Screening among never and former smokers increased from about 35 percent to 42 percent and from 35 percent to 43 percent, respectively; screening among current smokers remained between 23 percent and 25 percent. In the adjusted analysis, current smokers had decreased odds of screening compared with never smokers; no significant difference was observed between former and never smokers. When the variable dental visit in the last year was included in the adjusted analysis, it became the strongest predictor of OCS. Conclusions Between 2002 and 2008, self-reported OCS in the last year increased among former and never smokers, but remained unchanged for current smokers. A visit to a dental professional attenuated the difference in OCS between current and never smokers. Dental visit in the last year was the strongest predictor of OCS.

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A sensitive, rapid, precise, accurate high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the estimation of Sorafenib (SOR) in the tablet dosage form. Chromatographic separation of SOR was carried out utilizing thermo-scientific model C18 column (4.6 mm i.d. X 250 mm; 5µm particle size) (based on 99.99 % ultra-high purity silica) using mobile phase that consisting of acetonitrile: methanol (40:60 v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The absorption maximum (?max) of SOR in the mobile phase was found to be 265.5 nm. It had a retention time of 3.223 min. The calibration curve was in linear function of the drug in the concentration range of 2-10 µg/mL (r2 = 0.999) for the optimized method. The regression equation for SOR was found to be Y = 68228 x + 8071. The Detection Limit (DL) & Quantitation Limit (QL) results of SOR were found to be 0.526 µg/mL and 1.594 µg/mL respectively. The developed method was validated in pursuance of ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines. The method was linear, precise, accurate with recoveries in the range of 98 - 102 %, and minimum values of % RSD indicate the accuracy of the method. The detailed quantitative results of the study show that this method is precise, accurate, and cost-effective. Thus, the developed RP-HPLC method can be successfully feasible for the routine quality control analysis of SOR in a pharmaceutical dosage form.

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