Langerhans cells histiocytosis is a variant of malignant histiocytosis. The course and symptoms vary. patients with localized forms have a better prognosis, because local therapy is effective. patients with multifocal forms of histiocytosis receive systemic drug therapy, which cures some of the patients. This review provides up-to-date data about typical presentation of the organ involvement, diagnosis, course and therapy of various forms of Langerhans cells histiocytosis.
Selection of patients for palliative surgical correction of respiratory failure is generally corresponded to that for lung transplantation. However, these methods should be considered complementary rather competing.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic autosomal recessive disease associated with a defect in the ultrastructure of epithelial cilia. Currently, there is no standard method for diagnosing PCD, so the diagnosis is based on the clinical picture and the results of tests, such as DNA diagnostics, nasal nitric oxide measurements, ciliary beat frequency in a nasal biopsy, ciliary ultrastructure, etc. Diagnosis of PCD can be difficult due to secondary damage to the respiratory epithelium, which often results in undiagnosed or false positive cases. Differential diagnosis with diseases forming widespread bronchiectasis (BE) and upper respiratory tract lesions, especially with cystic fibrosis (CF), is necessary.The aim of this paper is to introduce the difficulties of diagnosis, the appropriate level of detail of the clinical, laboratory and instrumental characteristics over a long period of time, and the organization of care for a patient with PCD. This article describes a clinical case of PCD in a young woman, diagnosed at the age of 17, presents the difficulties and typical mistakes in the management of such patients, and the lack of succession of pediatrician-pulmonologist care.Conclusion. The presented clinical case demonstrates how difficult the diagnosis of PCD is. Such patients need a complex examination, a thorough differential diagnosis to exclude other diseases with a similar clinical picture. Long-term follow-up is carried out by a multidisciplinary team with mandatory microbiological monitoring. The organized care for patients should begin in early childhood and continue in adulthood with proper succession of care and follow-up by of pulmonologist, preferably in specialized centers.
Shafts in Gubkin Mine, KMAruda have been in operation since the late 1940s. The shafts are sunk in difficult hydrogeological conditions. At the present time, due to transition to deeper levels, deeper mine dumps are required. It is necessary to reinforce shaft lining in watered rocks. During long-term service of shaft 1, due to corrosion, thickness of liner plates and horizontal ribs has decreased by 1.5–2 and 3–5 mm, respectively (two-side corrosion). As a result, the load-bearing capacity of the tubbing has lowered by 5–7%. At the same time, the actual stresses are not higher than 22 MPa, which is 10 times less than the design compression resistance of gray cast iron as per Construction Code SP 16.13330.2017. Field studies have been performed in Gubkin Mine toward improvement of operating safety of shafts during mineral mining at deeper levels. Stress state diagnostics of lining in shaft 1 shows that the lining preserves its load-bearing capacity in all types of rocks. Thus, safe operation can be continued without extra expenses connected with the lining reinforcement. The field studies in the cage shaft show that pressure on the lining in frozen rocks is 1.5–2 times higher than the design values. It is recommended to continue the studies to estimate effects of possible rock displacements on the lining during further mining.
Aim. The purpose of the work was to introduce into the aseptic culture two endemic and one common species of the Centaurea genus (C. breviceps, C. steveniana and C. stoebe) and to identify their ability to different types of morphogenesis. Methods. The methods of plant tissue and cell culture in vitro are used in this work. Seeds and parts of the seedlings derived from seeds were primary cultivating material. The nutritional medium of Murashige Skoog was used as a base. The seeds were sprouted according to Nikolaeva’s methods and their own modifications. Results. Seedlings C. breviceps, C. steveniana and C. stoebe were obtained. Ability to vegetative reproduction in vitro by cutting and forming non-morphogenic callus of C. breviceps plants have been shown. C. steveniana explants formed morphogenic callus and vegetative and generative shoots-regenerants from it, as well as they were able to the shoot direct regeneration (microcloning) from the segments of the stem. C. stoebe did not form the adventitious buds on stem explants, but revealed the ability to mass regeneration from leafy and petiolate explants. Conclusions. Morphogenesis in vitro of the various speces of Centaurea genus have both type and tissue specificity, and depends on explants. The investigated species are able to the following types of morphogenesis: forming of callus, direct and indirect regeneration of adventitious buds and shoots from them, forming of generative shoots.Keywords: Centaurea, rare endemic plants, in vitro morphogenesis.
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