The problem of food waste treatment has attracted serious attention lately, as such wastes are regarded as a source of valuable biological matters. We should consider them as a resource, which can be used in the future to produce forage, fertilizers, etc. The authors carried out investigations aimed at revealing problems of food waste treatment. Analysis of the effective legal acts allows us to draw a conclusion, that the major part of these acts cannot create conditions directed to preferable and priority utilization of food wastes, therefore recommendations aimed at elimination of gaps in the field of waste regulation are advanced. First of all it is necessary to specify available definitions and introduce new ones in the field of food waste management, to ban destruction and burial of food waste, build infrastructure for separate garbage collection with obligatory use of bins for food waste. At the same time it is needed to adopt a law about food-sharing, to insert amendments into the Tax Code of the Russian Federation and to remove from the list of taxation entities food stuffs with expiring BBD in case of their free transfer. These changes could release trade enterprises from taxes and thus motivate companies not to reduce foods to the condition of food waste. Serious attention should be paid to technologies of their utilization and assessment of efficiency of technological solutions on their use in the field of food stuffs management in the Russian Federation in order to decrease amounts of food with expiring BBD and food waste.
Problems dealing with legal regulations of food waste handling are an acute sphere for the Russian Federation. Foods with expiring period and food losses can contaminate the environment and harmful and dangerous substances, which they exude, can get into near-by springs, rivers and arable fields. Water from contaminated rivers and springs, as well as bread cultivated on such fields can be consumed by peoples living in surrounding villages and towns, which can ruin their health. Today the effective system of food waste regulation includes numerous legislative and normative acts inscribed in different legislative blocks: general legislation, legislation on wastes, veterinary legislation and legislation on technical regulation, sanitary and epidemiologic legislation. However, there are a lot of problems dealing with food waste handling that have not been exposed in a proper way. The Federal Law dated June 24, 1998 N 89-FZ ‘Concerning Wastes of Production and Consumption’ does not provide the definition of ‘food waste’. The requirements for obligatory separate stocking of foods are stipulated only by legislation on technical regulation and sanitary and epidemiologic legislation. The requirements for utilization of foods are envisaged by veterinary legislation, legislation on technical regulation and sanitary and epidemiologic legislation. The owner of food waste can chose ways and conditions of utilization and possible methods of food waste destruction. After analyzing the effective normative acts covering requirements for food waste handling the authors came to the conclusion that the major part of these legislative blocks does not provide conditions of priority utilization of food waste.
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