A concept is suggested for modeling the dynamics of the fit of a displacement river vessel trimmi for making decisions about the readiness to use technical means of evacuation and rescue of passengers and crew in the event of a rapid flooding threat. The concept is based on the imitation of loading a large cargo, prone to displacement. The concept is implemented through continuous monitoring of the vessel fitting dynamics in a beyond design basis emergency, real-time forecasting of its development, and the captain taking proactive measures to evacuate passengers and crew.

Рассматриваются вопросы плавучести и остойчивости речного водоизмещающего судна в процессе его затопления при сложном внешнем воздействии. Строится математическая модель динамики опрокидывания судна в нелинейной постановке с учетом изменения нагрузки. Охарактеризована совокупность внешних сил и методы их представления. Алгоритм решения системы дифференциальных уравнений построенной модели, включая модули определения гидростатических и массово-центровочных характеристик корпуса, представлен укрупнённой блок-схемой. Приведены результаты тестовых расчетов гидростатических характеристик, полученных с помощью программной реализации разработанного алгоритма на примере корпуса пассажирского судна массового проекта 26-37 типа Октябрьская революция и исследован процесс его опрокидывания в результате затопления на фоне воздействия кренящего и дифферентующего моментов. Показано, что предлагаемая методика позволяет учесть большее число расчетных ситуаций, в которых следует выполнять анализ остойчивости судов. Исследования имеют практическую значимость и направлены на разработку модели системы поддержки принятия капитаном решений о готовности к использованию штатных технических средств спасения пассажиров и экипажа при угрозе скоротечного затопления судна.The article discusses the issues of floatage and stability in the process of flooding of a displacement vessel with a complex external impact. A mathematical model of the dynamics of the hull in a nonlinear setting when the load changes is proposed. A set of external forces and methods for their presentation are determined. The algorithm for solving the system of differential equations of the model, including modules for determining the hydrostatic and mass-centering characteristics of the body, is represented by an enlarged block diagram. Using the software implementation of the algorithm, test calculations of the hydrostatic characteristics of the hull were carried out, the process of the ship capsizing as a result of flooding against the background of heeling and trimming moments was studied. It is shown that this method allows to take into account a greater number of design situations in which an analysis of the stability of ships should be performed. The studies have practical importance in the development of a system for supporting the adoption by a captain of a river displacement vessel of decisions on readiness to use standard technical means to save passengers and crew in the event of a threat of fleet flooding.

The problem of determination of threshold values of changes in stability characteristics of a river displacement ship is studied. A model and a data preparation scheme are being developed for the algorithmic implementation of the construction of curves of threshold values of lateral stability characteristics until the moment corresponding to the command given by the ship’s captain to bring life-saving appliances to a state of readiness or to use them. For the case of flooding of two adjacent hull compartments of a three-deck river passenger motor ship under the action of an external static inclining moment, illustrating data of calculations of hydrostatic characteristics and ship trim are presented, and an ensemble of diagrams of its static stability with threshold values is built. The results of the studies performed are intended for the software and hardware implementation of a digital system for active monitoring of the ship’s hull condition, predicting the development of a dangerous situation, supporting decision-making by the captain of a river vessel on the use of standard rescue equipment in the event of the threat of the ship being flooded and overturned.

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