The article presents scientific and technical developments on the creation of a technological module of a closed grinding circuit, the design of which allows improving the quality of the finished product, as well as improving the performance of the grinding unit. The process of organizing a closed cycle using a centrifugal air-through separator with two separation zones is described. The influence of the design parameters of the input and output elements of the pipes on the gas flow rate in the working chambers of the grinding unit using the SolidWorks software in the FlowSimulation module has been studied.
Analysis of the raw material resources of the Russian Federation has shown that the most large-tonnage raw material is the waste of wet magnetic separation (WMS), formed during the beneficiation of ores. A complex of studies on the use of WMS wastes showed that their most effective use is to mechanically activate a mixture of wastes and cement and to prepare a new class of binders — finely ground multi-component cements and binders with low water requirements. To carry out complex experimental studies, taking into account the existing requirements, an experimental centrifugal grinding unit (CGU) with specified trajectories of the grinding chambers was chosen. The developed grinder is intended for mechanical activation of fragile materials with different physical and mechanical properties by the combined method of grinding (dry and wet), both in periodic and in continuous modes. Analysis of the results of experimental studies indicate the effectiveness of the use of centrifugal grinding unit for the wet method of grinding and also allow us to conclude about the significant superiority of wet grinding for the production of fine raw materials.
Using the fundamental kinetic laws of materials grinding processes, a resource-energy-saving technology for complex processing and mechanoactivation of mineral components has been developed. For the technology, patent-protected energy-efficient grinding units for selective grinding of materials have been developed: press-roll grinders (PRG) for volume-shear deformation (VSD) of materials and obtaining their microdefect structure; drum ball mills (DBMs) with internal energy-exchanging devices (IEDs), which implement impact-crushing-abrading action with less 10–20 % grinding load. A technological complex was developed for mechanoactivation of fine-grained materials and obtain nanostructured composite mixtures from them: “PRG–VSD”– vibration-centrifugal unit (VCU) of selective grinding at each stage – vortex-acoustic dispersants (VADs) for obtaining ultrafine particles < 5 μm with mechanical-aerodynamic and acoustic grinding. Resource-energy-saving technology has been tested for complex thermomechanical processing of quartzite-iron-containing was teat the Lebedinsky mining and processing plant for production of pigments-fillers for the purpose of volumetric dyeing of products.
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