In this work, we describe the boundary percentile scope values of transversal characteristics of the dental arch of boys and girls of Podillia, with diagnosed orthognathic bite. The study group consists of individuals with different forms of head and face. Our findings are that, in girls, unlike boys, set differences exist in the transversal dimensions of the upper and lower jaw, both in the distribution of the shape of the head, and the type of face. In boys with different head shape, larger values of transversal size of dental arch are evidenced when contrasted with the corresponding groups of girls, regarding the maxilla in 46.7% of all cases and the mandible in 22.2% of all cases, as well as with different types of faces in 66.7% of cases regarding the maxilla and 55.6% in the mandible.
Introduction: The term “pathological abrasion” (increased abrasion) can be described as a loss of tooth hard tissue on the occlusal, oral, vestibular surfaces of teeth or in the occlusal area. Treatment of increased abrasion of teeth is a difficult task for the practical work of a dentist. The choice of the optimal treatment plan provides the greatest likelihood of long-term success and minimal probability of complication appearance. The aim of our work was to study the functional activity of the masticatory muscles in the pathogenesis of the development of increased abrasion of tooth hard tissues. Materials and methods: In order to achieve the goal of the study, an examination of patients aged between 19 and 69 years old was carried out in order to identify the number of persons with increased abrasion of teeth. During the examination of all patients one control and one researched group were formed. The patients of the control group (30 patients aged from 18 to 60 years) which had intact dental rows with any signs of increased tooth wear. The investigated group consisted of 25 patients, aged from 18 to 60 years. Depending on the complex treatment, the patients of the second group were divided into two subgroups. Subgroup 2A - (10 patients) with increased abrasion of tooth hard tissues with planned complex treatment of the disease without additional use of mouthguards after the end of treatment. For the patients from the 2B subgroup (15 people with increased abrasion of tooth hard tissues) a mouthguard was prescribed after the end of the complex treatment. In order to study some peculiarities of the muscular activity of the maxillofacial region an electromyogram was taken from all participants before treatment and repeated in a six- and twelve-months term. Results and conclusions: In our opinion, all manifestations of increased tooth abrasion are associated with changes in the muscular system, the motor apparatus and the nervous activity of the body. Regarding to this, the study of the propria muscular system and the related bone system can justify the usage of one or another prevention ortreatment of the pathology. Based on the results of our research, we can conclude that the study of the functional state of the muscle complex is a fairly reliable prognostic sign in the study of such a disease as an increased tooth abrasion.
Исследование выполнено в рамках научно-исследовательской работы: «Разработка и внедрение новых методов диагностики, лечения и профилактики кариеса и его осложнений, заболеваний пародонта и слизистой оболочки полости рта» (номер государственной регистрации 0110U003018). Реферат. Целью данной работы явилось изучение клеточного состава и ультраструктурных особенностей грануляционной ткани, формирующейся в ходе течения первичного и вторичного верхушечного периодонтита. Морфологический анализ показал, что при первичном периодонтите грануляционная ткань содержит умеренное количество лейкоцитов различных типов, а также единичные макрофаги и плазмоциты с ограниченной функциональной активностью. При вторичном периодонтите ткань гранулемы содержит многочисленные мононуклеарные макрофаги, плазмоциты и гигантские многоядерные клетки с повышенной активностью, что соответствует морфологической картине формирования иммунной гранулемы.
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