A b s t r a c tThe discovery of large deposits of oil and gas at great depths in the Caspian Sea (Shah Deniz) and the Gulf of Mexico (Tyupi, Tibor) confirmed predictions petrogas great depths of the earth's crust. In a world in the depth interval 4500-8103 m has already developed more than 1,000 oil and gas fields. However, despite the obvious achievements, the overall efficiency of exploration work remains low, mainly due to the use of traditional forecast-search models. The purpose of this article is to study the processes of generation, migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons at great depths under the Earth's crust. For the study of the problem we were held pyrolytic studies of rock samples from the mud volcanoes of Azerbaijan. The samples were investigated by pyrolysis installation on Rock-Eval. To study and analysis of the above processes in a large depth of the earth's crust has been used technology of modeling of hydrocarbon systems. The research results have been integrated into the creation of three-dimensional models of hydrocarbon systems at great depths, taking into account geodynamics and geo-fluid-dynamics of the studied regions.
⎯We present tectonic implications for hydrocarbon accumulations in the Ural-Novaya Zemlya Foredeep. Its eastern flank is rich in economical oil and gas deposits mostly localized within the fold-andthrust belt that was constructed as a result of continent-continent collision during the Ural Paleoocean closure. On the basis of striking correlation between oil and gas accumulation and fold-and-thrust tectonics we performed geomechanical and petroleum systems modelling that allowed us to propose a new geodynamical model for hydrocarbon accumulations in both fold-upthrust and subthrust structural levels of the Ural-Novaya Zemlya Foredeep.