The article summarizes current trends in the use of umbilical cord blood components in medical practice and describes the origin, types and tendencies of cord blood banks development in Ukraine and abroad. Presented results of the opinion poll of residents of different regions of Ukraine on the subject “stem cells” / “cell therapy” demonstrate a high awareness and interest of various sociological categories of the population on modern medical technologies using stem cells as well as positive attitude of pregnant women and obstetricians towards cord blood banking. The importance of creating a public cord blood bank in Ukraine is substantiated.
The paper highlights the features of cord blood stem cells banking worldwide, modern trends of development of this biomedical industry, problems and prospects. The role of the sector of public and family cord blood banks in shaping of the market of storage of human cells and tissue is considered. The data of sociological surveys in Ukraine and abroad, to evaluate the level of awareness of future parents and medical community about the value and possibilities of storage of cord blood is presented. The study revealed favorable preconditions and emphasized the social importance of creating a public cord blood bank in Ukraine in the perspective of its integration with international registries of hematopoietic stem cells.
The article highlights the experience and peculiarities of legislative regulation of umbilical cord blood and tissue banking in the different countries of the world as well as clinical trials with their application. The approaches to licensing and legislative regulation of the business activities of the cord blood banks in Ukraine are also described.
KEYWORDS: stem cells, umbilical cord blood, bank of umbilical cord blood, legislative regulation.REVIEW of 2014 made about 90 % from the total number of transplants performed from the moment of the first cord blood application in 1988 [15]. From 1988 to 2014, 53 % of cord blood transplants were performed in children and 43 % operations -in adults. However, from 2008 number of umbilical cord blood transplants in adults annually over exceeds their quantity in children [15,16]. Also researchers and clinicians of the field express increasing interest to the mesenchymal stem cells of the placenta, umbilical cord, adipose tissue, teeth pulp, menstrual blood [12,14, 24,26]. The approaches to the treatment of musculoskeletal system injuries with the use of tenocytes cultures are being developed [14]. In particular, Ukrainian scientists from the Institute of Cell Therapy and Romodanov Institute of Neurosurgery of AMSU developed the technology of the treatment of herniated discs using cultivated autologous chondrocytes [17].Because of the mentioned above tendencies of the world medicine, collection and processing of cellular material for the clinical purposes is considered to be as a unique method of the manufacturing of biologics, that implicate strict following of the determined rules for the provision of the high quality of the drug and avoiding contamination with microorganisms or cells of the other patient/donor. Manufacturing of cell drugs, processing, testing and cryostorage of tissues are strictly regulated by numerous international documents and should match the demands of the standards of Current Good Tissue Practice (сGTP) and Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) [1,2].
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