Introduction: in the article the estimation of new ecological safety biopositive polymer-mineral composite (BPMC) building materials obtained with the use of technogenic wastes is considered. This approach is one of the ways to solve the problem of improving the environmental safety of the environment. Materials and methods: BMPC environmental safety studies were performed using microstructural, X-ray and elemental analysis methods, studying physical and mechanical properties and fire safety. Man-caused wastes inventory and classificational ecological assessment by the lif e cycle was carried out. Results: the conformity of the Baikal region man-caused wastes (such as fly ash from heat-power engineering, aluminosilicate microspheres, isolated from bottom ash wastes, marble dust (microcalcite), industrial waste of polyvinylchloride (PVC), as well as small-sized mica waste in the form of vermiculite) to the basic characteristics that allow to use this wastes in the production of BMPC-products by extrusion as fillers. The man-caused wastes ecological utilization mechanism was developed. Composition of composite materials, in which industrial PVC waste is used as the matrix, and fly ash, ash microspheres, marble dust and vermiculite as fillers, were developed. The proposed technology for the production of BPMC products allows the use of technogenic wastes in a wide range in the composition from 20 to 60 %. The new biopozitive polymer-mineral composite products properties were studied. Conclusions: the conducted studies of the composition and properties of samples obtained using different types of manmade waste in the polymer-mineral composites production proved that the production of BPMC products ensures the building materials and environmental safety through the reliable and durable materials production that comply with regulatory requirements. According to the life cycle environmental safety assessment, the waste products obtained on the basis of waste have significant advantages in terms of a technical and environmental characteristics set.
In the modern world during the rapid development of urban agglomerates, mankind uses less and less natural building materials and mainly uses artificially created. New construction technologies and modern materials must comply with environmental safety requirements, technical regulations and legislation in the field of environmental protection, so that the erected buildings and structures in urban design do not harm either man or the biosphere. Composite materials based on polymers and industrial waste are gaining popularity.The environmental assessment of new mineral-polymer composite (MPC) materials confirmed their compliance with technical and sanitary-epidemiological requirements, as well as with the criteria of the STO NOSTROY 2.35.4-2011 standard “Green building” such as: “Comfort and ecology of the internal environment”, “Energy saving and energy efficiency ",” Ecology of creation, operation and disposal ", which will reduce the load of construction on urban ecosystems and ensure the creation of a safe and comfortable living environment.
The article provides an overview of the problem of environmental damage caused by the economic activities of Open Joint-Stock Company (OJSC) Baikal Pulp and Paper Mill (BPPM). As a result of more than 40 years of operations, the BPPM has accumulated and stockpiled on the shores of Lake Baikal more than 6,2 million tons of production waste. The technologies analysis results proposed for waste disposal are presented. There are several technological solutions. However, none of them is definitively acceptable for implementation. A promising direction is the use of waste for the production of building materials. The solution of the problem of waste utilization is a priority task of the nature protection activity on Lake Baikal.
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