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Ion-mobility spectra of a set of aliphatic linear aldehydes with the number of carbon atoms from 3 to 7 are obtained. Values of the mobility corresponding to two most intense peaks, considered to be those of a monomer and dimer, are determined according the spectra. Based on mobility, collision cross sections are calculated using the Mason-Schamp equation. The linear increase in the collision cross sections upon an increase in molecular weight is determined. According to the experimental results, the contribution to the cross section that has no dependence on molecular weight diminishes with the formation of dimers. It is established using quantum chemical calculations that this is associated with a reduction in the dipole moment upon the formation of dimers.

We propose a new approximation in the theory of inelastic electron–atom and electron–molecule scattering. Taking into account the completeness property of atomic and molecular wavefunctions, considered in the Hartree approximation, and using Bethe's parametrization for electronic excitations during inelastic collisions via the mean excitation energy, we show that the calculation of the inelastic total integral cross-sections (TICS), in the framework of the first Born approximation, involves only the ground-state wavefunction. The final analytical formula obtained for the TICS, i.e. for the sum of elastic and inelastic ones, contains no adjusting parameters. Calculated TICS for electron scattering by light atoms and molecules (He, Ne, and H2) are in good agreement within the experimental data; results show asymptotic coincidence for heavier ones (Ar, Kr, Xe and N2).

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