During the primary treatment of oil, gas and water, complications arise associated with the presence of hard water-oil emulsions, which cause an increase in fluid pressure in the gathering systems, pipeline damage, as well as difficulties in gas separation and preliminary water discharge at the preliminary discharge unit (PRU). Additional problems arise during transportation of highly paraffinic oils associated with the crystallization of paraffin in the flow path of the oilfield equipment and on the inner surface of pipes, leading to a drop in the productivity of pipelines.
Article discusses the technology of magnetic-reagent treatment of water-oil media, which allows intensifying the processes of primary oil treatment at the facilities of its production. Bench and pilot tests have shown the ability of the magnetic field to accelerate oil demulsification processes, increasing the percentage of separated water during subsequent settling, and to reduce asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits (ARPD) on the inner surface of oil and gas field equipment.
Mechanism of the magnetic field effect on water-oil media is described. Effect of treatment on the integrity of the armour shells of oil-water emulsions was studied. Various modes of magnetic treatment have been investigated with evaluation of its effectiveness. It is shown that the best effect is achieved with the combined use of reagents and a magnetic field. Synergistic effect is observed, which consists in increasing their effectiveness. This made it possible to conclude that this method can be applied to reduce the consumption of reagents used in oil production while maintaining the treatment efficiency.
The circulating water of the cooling systems of petrochemical enterprises has a number of special features: the temperature of cooling water is in the range of 14-28 °С all year round, the evaporation of water in cooling towers increases the concentration of dissolved salts. Inevitable ingress of hydrocarbons, dosing of corrosion inhibitors, scaling, reagents for dispersing and softening of the water creates favorable conditions for micro- and macroorganisms development. Existing standards stipulate that the number of viable bacterial cells in planktonic form should not exceed 10 cells/ml, the number of bacteria in the adhered form is not regulated, nevertheless these organisms in particular lead to biocorrosion. During the assessing of the biological degradation of water cycle equipment materials, it was studied the micro- and macroorganisms that populate the surface of steel samples 20. Studies of the effect of this bacteria on the corrosion of steel 20 showed that this whole complex of micro- and macroorganisms, releasing metabolites into the water, also indirectly affects the processes of corrosion, and when choosing protection methods, it is necessary to take into account not only the presence and types of bacteria, but also the entire local biocenosis.
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