The aim of research is feed additive use efficiency raising of the protected from decay in ruminal lysine LiziperlTM in feeding of highly productive cows calved for balancing rations in the level of lysine. In the experiment three groups of 13 animals studied the influence of feeding protected lysine toyoung female with a yield of 7.500 kg of milk per year from 11 to 100 days of lactation, at 40 and 80 g/head/day, for diet of feed intake, milk production level and quality characteristics of milk, for the biochemical status of blood and indicators of economic efficiency of milk production. As a result of balancing diet feeding cows experimental groups by the level of lysine, increased milk yield of standard (of 4%) of fat per 100 days of lactation was 5.0 and 8.4% (Р≤0.05), with an increase in output of milk fat and protein. Feed consumption per 1 kg of milk expressed metabolizable energy were lower than controls at 3.5-6.6%. Based on the results of biochemical studies in the blood test group II cows installed upward trend in the total protein level and the amount of free amino acids, as well as the activity of ALT, with a significant increase in the concentration of free lysine of 20.7%. Calculations of economic efficiency have shown that the use of the protected lysine LiziperlTM feeding calved dairy cows, in the amount of 40 and 80 g/head/day, significantly increases the cost of the unit cost of dairy products in the first 100 days of lactation in obtaining additional income from the sale of milk in the amount of 3.6-4.2%.
Ранее были получены положительные результаты влияния сбалансированного содержания легкопереваримых углеводов (крахмала и сахара) в рационах молочных коров на уровень молочной продуктивности, показатели рубцового метаболизма и биохимические показатели крови, характеризующие белковый и углеводный обмены. Оптимизация содержания крахмала и сахара в кормах проводилась с учётом их свойств в зависимости от места ферментации (рубец или тонкий кишечник), конечных продуктов брожения (ЛЖК или глюкоза) и соотношения распадаемых фракций протеина и легкопереваримых углеводов. Для подтверждения ранее полученных данных было проведено исследование в ФГУП ЭХ «Клёново-Чегодаево» на двух группах коров голштинизированной чёрно-пёстрой породы в 2019 году. Было установлено, что скармливание кормов с белково-углеводным отношением, равным 0,45 и 0,50, привело к увеличению среднесуточного удоя молока 4% жирности на 2,0 кг, или 7,6% (p ≤ 0,05), за первые 100 дней лактации и на 6,8% (p ≥ 0,05) — в целом за 305 дней. Такая система кормления оказалась более эффективной, чем оптимизация рационов по сахаро-протеиновому отношению. При этом затраты кормов на единицу продукции (ЭКЕ) снизились на 7,1%. Сбалансированное белково-углеводное отношение повысило интенсивность белкового, углеводного и липидного обменов, что привело к увеличению содержания альбуминов, глюкозы, фосфолипидов и холестерина и снижению концентрации мочевины, билирубина и триглицеридов. Общая стоимость реализации 100 кг молока 3,4% жирности в значительной степени превосходила общие затраты на его производство, а дополнительная прибыль от его реализации составила 8781,1 руб. на 1 голову. Feeding cows with forage balanced in the content of fast-digesting carbohydrates (starch and sugar) positively affected milk yield, rumen metabolism and blood biochemistry characterizing protein and carbohydrate metabolisms. Starch and sugar contents were optimized according to their fermentation pathways either in rumen or small intestine, end products (volatile fatty acids or glucose) and the ratio of degradable protein to fast-digesting carbohydrates. The investigation was conducted at “Klenovo-Chegodaevo”, the research farm in 2019 to confirm the earlier findings. Holstein black-and-white cows consuming forage with protein-to-carbohydrate ratios of 0.45 and 0.50 exceeded the control group in 4% milk yield by 2.0 kg or 7.6% (p ≤ 0,05) in the first 100 days of lactation and by 6.8% (p ≥ 0,05) — in total for 305 days. Balancing protein-to-carbohydrate ratio was more effective than balancing sugar-to-protein ratio. Feed costs per production unit dropped by 7.1%. Balanced protein-to-carbohydrate ratio increased protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms resulting in higher concentrations of albumin, glucose, phospholipids, and cholesterol as well as lower contents of urea, bilirubin, and triglycerides. Total market value of 100 kg of 3.4% milk exceeded its production costs; additional income amounting to 8781.1 RUB per 1 head.
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