A certain level of hairiness in yarn is generally acknowledged as unavoidable because of the practical limitations of mechanical processing machines. Spinners are therefore interested to know the effect of fiber properties on yarn hairiness when selecting suitable raw materials. The literature on parameters such as fiber fineness and short fibre percent reports contradictory trends, while the influence on hairiness of other param eters such as uniformity ratio and fiber quality index is not considered. In this paper, we have investigated the influence of fiber characteristics on the hairiness of cotton yarns.
Using a rapid yarn hairiness tester, the Shirley yarn hairiness meter, this work has confirmed that for cotton yarns, the statistical distribution of the number of protruding ends of different lengths is exponential. The study indicates that, compared to the other hair length settings available on the hairiness meter, the recommended 3 mm hair length is suitable and advantageous. Further there is a high correlation between the Shirley hairiness meter and two other hairiness indices, the modified Jedryka and the Digital fibrograph, considered in this work.
The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to probe into the surface structure of three typical sewing threads after abrasion, and an attempt was made to support the visual evidence with the physical data obtained experimentally. Coarse and medium fine yarns showed more hairy appearance on abrasion. Bruising and smoothening effects were rather marked in coarse thread. Twisting of fibers and development of longitudinal cracks occurred in medium fine yam. In case of fine yam, fiber surface damage was not discernible; however, pulled out fibers clustered into a group. Visual evidence of the SEM supports the established view that the extent of damage due to abrasion depends on the size of the yarn, the twist, and the number of plies.
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