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A comparison of four widely used linear equations of the Langmuir types of isotherm (The Langmuir Type 1, 2, 3 and 4) were examined in an experiment using dye sorption onto derived acid and salt treated Fish Activated Carbon (H3PO4-FAC and ZnCl2-FAC respectively). Isotherm parameters obtained from the four Langmuir linear equations differed. Though Langmuir type 1 is the most popular form, but the type 2 had the highest coefficient of determination (R 2 = 0.931-0.984) compared with the other Langmuir linear equations (with R 2 values ranges of 0.696-0.982, 0.613-0.926 and 0.613-0.926 for Langmuir type 1,3 and 4 isotherm models respectively). 3,7 bis(dimethylamino) phenothiazin-5-ium ion was used to measure the Extent of monolayer coverage (qm) and specific surface areas (SMB) following the application of type 1 isotherm. From this study, Value obtained for the Acid treated carbon (H3PO4-FAC with SMB ; 18.170) is higher than that of the Salt treated carbon, (ZnCl2-FAC, SMB ; 13.579) which compared more to that of commercial carbon, CAC (SMB ; 13.884) units in multiple of 10-3 km 2 kg-1. The reliability of the Langmuir type 1 and 2 methods seems very good in specific surface area estimation. @JASEM

Pu mpkin seeds were analysed for their nutritional and anti-nutrit ional co mposition, the results obtained were; mo isture content (5.00%), ash (5.50%), crude lipid (38.00%, crude fibre (1.00%), crude protein (27.48%), Available carbohydrate (28.03%) and calorific value (564kcal/ 100g). Elemental analysis shows that potassium is the most abundant element in the sample (273mg/100g) and manganese is least (0.06mg/100g).The anti-nutritional parameters analysed are; phytate (35.06 mg/100g ), o xalate (0.02±0.10mg/100g), hydrocyanic acid content (0.22±0.04mg/100g ) and nitrate (2.27±002mg/ 100g). The result shows that the pumpkin seeds if properly utilized can serve as good source of minerals.

The objective of this research is focus on pollutants evaluation and remediation of Tannery effluent discharged from Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology (NILEST) Zaria, Nigeria using activated Carbons as adsorbents. The received, spent and Reborn Adsorbents (RGAC) were characterized using both classical (bulk density, ash content and iodine number) and instrumental (AAS, SEM, FTIR and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer) techniques. The role of different operating parameters on Cr uptake was investigated from a batch adsorption mode. Data generated where fitted into four isotherm models viz; Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich. The earlier estimated chromium level in the tannery effluent which was above WHO and NESREA permissible limits was considerably reduced via adsorption. On the general, results show good significance in the adsorption behavior of the regenerated adsorbent compared to the commercial sample.

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Environmental contamination is one of the serious challenge facing humanity and other life forms on our planet today. contamination occurs when contaminating substances exceeds their natural levels or when natural resources are use at a rate higher than nature’s capacity to restore itself. This study determines the levels of mineral element and potential toxic metals namely: P, K, Mg, Mn, Si, Fe, Zn, Cd, Pb and Al in agricultural soil around mechanic village Wukari-Nigeria. by means of MP-AES (4210 MP-AES Agilent technologies) while their pollution indices by means of geo-accumulation index and contamination factor. The results reveals that the mean ± standard deviation abundance of mineral and heavy metals in the soil was: Fe (20723.64±153.71), Al (3753.80±30.54) K (368.13±2.17), Mg (298.05±3.88), Mn (231.97±0.74), P (221.22±5.47), Zn (184.83±0.47), Pb (86.29±0.31), Si (64.27±0.43) and Cd (1.33±0.06). There was generally a significant difference between the concentration in the test and control sample (P < 0.05). While pollution indices show moderate to very high contamination of the soil by zinc, lead and cadmium signalling higher potential risk in terms of mobility on acidification since the organic content is moderate and soil texture being sandy-loam usually characterise with moderate capacity to immobilize heavy metals. Lead contamination can result in neurological and hematological dysfunctions, renal and hepatic damages as well as reproductive disorders in the humans while cadmium is known to have effect on kidney.